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1、 发动机油耗对提高发动机燃油的经济性作用一、燃油经济性的影响因素One, the influence factors of fuel economy 1.发动机与油耗的关系1. The engine and fuel consumption 说到发动机与油耗的关系,有的人往往把油耗的大小与发动机的排量联系在一起,认为大排量的发动机的油耗会大于小排量的发动机。实事不尽然,大车和小车相比油耗相对较大主要是整车质量上的问题而不是发动机的原因。Said to the engine and fuel consumption of the relationship, some people tend to
2、 put the size of the fuel consumption and engine displacement, think the large displacement engine fuel consumption is greater than the small displacement of the engine. Practical and not at all, compared to the cart and the car fuel consumption is relatively large vehicle quality problem, not the c
3、ause of the engine. 发动机的工作过程中影响油耗的两个最根本因素是空燃比和发动机负荷,这两个值都有一个理论上的最佳值,在实际工作过程中,空燃比和发动机负荷的实际值越接近理论值,汽车就越省油。发动机在负荷为90%、空燃比为1.05:1时燃烧效率最高Engine working process of the two most fundamental factors influencing fuel consumption is in the air-fuel ratio and engine load, these two values are the optimal value
4、 of a theory, in the process of practical work, the real value of air-fuel ratio and engine load is close to the theoretical value, the more fuel-efficient cars. Engine load of around 90%, air-fuel ratio was 1.05:1 when the highest combustion efficiency 2.轮胎与油耗的关系2. The tires and fuel consumption 轮胎
5、作为汽车的关键承载部件之一,承受车辆负荷、向路面传递驱动力和制动力等作用。因此,轮胎也能影响汽车的燃油经济性、操纵性和安全性。胎面上的花纹是轮胎与路面直接接触的唯一部位,从表面上看起来,它的形状、排布不过是简单的直线与弧线的组合,事实上这里边蕴藏着轮胎科技的精华,直接影响着轮胎的抓地力和胎噪、滚动阻力等性能。Tires as a car, one of the key load-carrying components subject to vehicle load and the pavement transfer driving force and braking force, and so
6、 on. Therefore, tires can also affect the cars fuel economy, maneuverability and security. Decorative pattern on the surface of the tire is the only parts of the tyre and road surface in direct contact, on the surface, it seems, the shape, configuration, but it is the combination of a simple straigh
7、t line and arc, in fact it contains essence of tire technology, directly affects the grip and tire noise, such as rolling resistance performance. 不同类型花纹的轮胎的燃油消耗率不同,折线花纹轮胎比一般花纹要省油。节油轮胎可省油。节油轮胎比起同规格产品来说,在负载不变的情况下滚动阻力值平均降低21%至24%。由于每减少3%-5%的滚动阻力就能节约1%的燃油消耗,因此,如果一部车使用四条节油轮胎,平均可降低约5%的汽车燃油量。Specific fuel
8、oil consumption of different kinds of decorative pattern of the tyre, tire line pattern more fuel-efficient than general pattern. Fuel-efficient tyres can be fuel efficient. Fuel-efficient tyres than the same specification products, under the condition of invariable load rolling resistance value by
9、21% to 24% on average. Because each reduced by 3% - 5% of the rolling resistance can save 1% of the fuel consumption, therefore, if a car using four fuel-efficient tyres, can reduce the amount of vehicle fuel about 5% on average. 3.车重与油耗的关系3. The vehicle weight and fuel consumption 对一台车油耗影响最大的因素其实要算
10、车重。行驶同样的距离,越重的车做功越多,也就需要更多的燃油。Effect on a car fuel consumption is the biggest factor is vehicle weight. Driving the same distance, the heavier car work is done, the more will need more fuel. 4.汽车的传动系对汽车的燃油经济性有重要影响4. The auto transmission system has important influence on the cars fuel economy 汽车的传动系
11、对汽车的燃油经济性有重要影响。变速器档位越多,不但汽车换档平顺,而且使发动机增加了处于经济工况下运行的机会,海吉布有利于提高燃油经济性。因此 现代 汽车都是趋向于5档或以上变速器,或者采用无极变速,保证在任何条件下具有使发动机在最经济工况下工作的可能性。在速度不变的情况下,接合高速档时,传动比小发动机转速低,接合低速档时,传动比大相应的发动机转速高。由发动机负荷特性可知,当发动机负荷相同时,一般是转速越低燃油消耗率越小。在一定的行驶条件下,传动系的速比越小,汽车的燃油经济性越高,因此汽车的经济行驶都在高档位。自动挡变速箱,挡位越多越省油,无级变速cvt最省油。Vehicle drive tra
12、in has important influence on the cars fuel economy. Transmission gear ratio, the more not only auto shift smoothly, and make the engine increases the chances of are in economic conditions, to improve fuel economy. Modern cars are therefore tend to be more than 5 gears or transmission, or CVT, under
13、 any conditions, guarantee has the possibility of make the engine work in the most economic conditions. In under the condition of invariable speed, joint top gear, gear ratio small engine speed is low, joint low gear, gear ratio corresponding high engine speed. The engine load characteristics shows
14、that when the engine load phase at the same time, the average speed, the lower the fuel consumption is small. Under certain driving conditions, the transmission ratio is smaller, the cars fuel economy is higher, so the cars drive the economy in high-grade. Automatic transmission, block a more fuel e
15、fficient, stepless CVTs most fuel efficient. 5.风阻系数5. The wind resistance coefficient 由于现代汽车速度的增高,汽车的造型对燃油经济性也有重要影响,车速越快影响越大,这就是人们常说的“风阻”。减小空气阻力主要是通过减少汽车的迎风面积和空气阻力系数来实现,一般而言迎风面积取决于汽车的体积,空气阻力取决于车身造型。为此,汽车车身紧凑化和流线型是提高燃油经济性的途径。目前许多轿车的空气阻力系数在0.28-0.3左右,对减少燃油消耗起到很大作用。很多人认为风阻只是一个微小的酿酒设备技术参数,但是在实际使用中它与耗油之间
16、的关系非常大。一般来说,车辆高速行驶中,最大的阻力就来自空气。因此风阻系数哪怕是0.01的降低油耗也会带来很大的不同。Due to increased the speed of the modern automobile, the automobile modelling is has an important effect on fuel economy, the faster the speed the greater the influence, this is what people often say wind resistance. Reduce the air resistance is mainly by reducing the
