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1、2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The more people are jammed together, the more（ ）and irrational they become.问题1选项A.mechanicalB.liableC.hostileD.earnest【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。mechanical“机械的，力学的”；liable“容易的”；hostile“对有敌意的”；earnest“认真的，热心的”。句意：越多人堵在一起，他们就变得越（ ）和越缺乏理性。and表并列，由and后面的irrational可知空格处应填贬义词，只
2、有C项是贬义词，故C项正确。2. 单选题（ ）, it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.问题1选项A.As the diamond is hardB.How hard is the diamondC.Hard as the diamond isD.Hard although the diamond is【答案】C【解析】考查倒装用法。由前后两句的关系可知，前一个分句为让步状语， 由此知B项与D项不正确；再由as引导让步状语从句时，后面做表语的名词或形容词要放在as前来形成倒装，故C项正确。句意：钻石虽硬，但是用激光很容易钻一个洞。3
3、. 翻译题What I wish for all students is some release from the grim grip of the future. I wish them a chance to enjoy each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a tiresome requirement in preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to l
4、earn that defeat is as educational as victory and is not the end of the world.My wish, of course, is native. One of the few rights that America does not proclaim is the right to fail. Achievement is the national god, worshipped in our media the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive-and glori
5、fied in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.【答案】我希望所有的学生稍微摆脱未来的无情控制。我希望他们有机会把自己每一阶段的教育纯粹当成一种经历来享受，而不是作为一种为下一步做准备的令人厌倦的需要。我希望他们有权利去尝试、跌倒、懂得失败如同胜利一样具有教育意义和失败并不是世界的末日。当然，我的希望是天真的。失败的权利是美国人不赞扬的几个权利之一。成就是民族之神，在我们的媒体中受到崇拜如身价百万的运动员，富有的主管人
6、员一样 在我们对财富的赞美中得到荣耀。年轻人就是在这样一种强有力的民族信仰熏陶下长大的。4. 单选题The chairman said it gave him great（ ） to welcome so many guests.问题1选项A.humorB.contentC.funD.pleasure【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。humor“幽默”；content“内容，目录”；fun“乐趣”；pleasure“快乐，令人高兴的事”。句意：主席说欢迎这么多宾客是一件让他很高兴的事情。D项符合句意。5. 翻译题“All nature is meant to make us think of p
7、aradise,” Thomas Merton observed. Because the Creation puts on a nonstop show, beauty is free and inexhaustible, but we need training in order to perceive more than the most obvious kinds. Even 15 billion years or so after the Big Bang, echoes of that event still linger in the form of background rad
8、iation, only a few degrees above absolute zero. Lust so, I believe, the experience of beauty is an echo of the order and power that permeate the universe. To measure background radiation, we need subtle instruments; to measure beauty, we need alert intelligence and our five keen senses.Anyone with e
9、yes can take delight in a face or a flower. You need training, however, to perceive the beauty in mathematics or physics or chess, in the architecture of a tree, the design of a birds wing, or the shiver of breath through a flute. For most of human history, the training has from elders who taught th
10、e young how to pay attention.By paying attention; we learn to savor all sorts of patterns, from quantum mechanics to patchwork quilts. This predilection brings with it a clear evolutionary advantage, for the ability to recognize patterns helped our ancestors to select mates, find food, avoid predato
11、rs. But the same advantage would apply to all species, and yet we alone compose symphonies and crossword puzzles, carve stone into status, map time and space.【答案】托马斯默顿曾感言：“天地万物欲使我们想到天堂。”上天造物，生生不息，犹如连番上演的舞台剧，美亦展示得无拘无朿、无穷无尽。若要从最显见的物类中获得更多 美的感悟，则须经专门训练。即使在宇宙大爆炸的一百五十亿年后，其反射仍以背景辐射的形式，略略徘徊于绝对零度之上。正因为此，人们对
12、美的体验，实则是对宇宙间无处不在的秩序与力量的回应。测量背景辐射，要有精巧的仪器；体验美，则需机敏的智能与敏锐的五官了。凡眼见于俏脸、鲜花，无人不觉赏心悦目。然而，要参透数学、物理或棋弈之美，欣赏树之有形、鸟之翼趣，乃至对长笛奏出的悠悠颤音心领祌会，则必经专门训练方可体味。在人类大部历史上，这种训练就是学会如何观察，历来由长者教之于幼者。通过观察，人类学会鉴赏天地万化之模式，从量子力学到百纳被无所不包。此痴情所至，亦使人类在进化过程中占尽先机，能辨万化之象，有助于先人们择偶、觅食，逃避猛兽。按理，同一进化优势本应造福世间一切物种，然惟独人类能谱出交响曲、制作填字游戏、创造石雕艺术、标示时空天体
13、。那么，是人类为获敏锐的感知而一味将其动物的本能需求推向了乖戾之极致，还是人脑构造与宇宙天体碰巧契合呢？6. 单选题As my friend（ ） here before, I had to meet him at the railway station.问题1选项A.had never beenB.has never beenC.had been neverD.never was【答案】A【解析】考查时态。由后半句had to可知该句用的是一般过去时，而从句动作发生在meet之前，故用过去完成时，排除BD项。never一般放于had been之间，故A项正确。句意：因为我的朋友之前从未来过这
14、里，我不得不去火车站接他。7. 翻译题大多数中国人十分看重自己的工作，觉得工作会使自己成为团体的一部分。他们相 信，工作可以让他们产生归属感。换言之，要得到社会的承认，就必须工作。许多 中国经理和员工努力工作，力求保住在公司的职位，原因就是这个。【答案】Most Chinese value their jobs very much, and feel that it makes them part of a community and they believe that work gives them a sense of belonging. In other words, in order
15、 to be recognized by society, they have to work. That is why many Chinese managers and employees have to work hard and strive to keep their positions in the company.8. 单选题Generally speaking, the government plays a very important role（ ） solving problems such as inflation, unemployment, and poverty.问题1选项A.inB.atC.forD.of【答案】A【解析】考查语法。play a role in doing sth在中扮演角色。故A项正确。句意：一般而言，政府在解决诸如通货膨胀、失业和贫穷等问题上扮演重要角色。9. 翻译题学问是自己的事，不能依靠别人。环境好，图书设备充足，有良师益友指导启发， 当然有很大的帮助，但是这些条件具备，也不一定能保证一个人在学问
