《英语作文题材》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语作文题材（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Topic: Science, Technology and Medicinea. Glossary of termsStem cellA cell that can continuously produce unaltered daughters and also has the ability to produce daughter cells that have different, more restricted properties.Artificial reproduction the creation of new life by other than the natural m
2、eans available to an organism. Examples include artificial insemination, in vitro fertilisation, cloning and embryonic splitting, or cleavage.Cryonics: The process of freezing and storing the body of a diseased, recently deceased person to prevent tissue decomposition so that at some future time the
3、 person might be brought back to life upon development of new medical curesCloning: the process of creating an identical copy of something. In biology, it collectively refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments (molecular cloning), cells (cell cloning), or organisms. The term also en
4、compasses situations whereby organisms reproduce asexuallyArtificial intelligenceThe ability of a computer or other machine to perform actions thought to require intelligenceBiopiracy: a negative term for the appropriation, generally by means of patents, of legal rights over indigenous biomedical kn
5、owledge without compensation to the indigenous groups who originally developed such knowledgeAnimal testing:the use of non-human animals in scientific experimentationHippocratic Oath: an oath traditionally taken by physicians pertaining to the ethical practice of medicinePassive/active euthanasia: P
6、assive euthanasia is a form of euthanasia in which medical treatment that will keep a dying patient alive for a time is withdrawn. Active euthanasia is a the ending of life by the deliberate administration of drugsVoluntary euthanasia:Euthanasia is carried out at the request of the person who dies P
7、alliative care:an approach to health care that is concerned primarily with attending to physical and emotional comfort rather than effecting a cure.Partial birth abortiona method of late-term (after 20 weeks) abortion that terminates a pregnancy and results in the death and intact removal of a fetus
8、. This procedure is most commonly referred to as intact dilatation and extraction (D & X). It occurs in a rare percentage of pregnancies.Empiricism: A pursuit of knowledge purely through experience, especially by means of observation and sometimes by experimentationb. Key factual information Science
9、: knowledge attained through study or practice. It refers to a system of acquiring knowledge. This system uses observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. The term science also refers to the organized body of knowledge people have gained using that system. The scientif
10、ic method: it is a process for experimentation that is used to explore observations and answer questions. Scientists use the scientific method to search for cause and effect relationships in nature. In other words, they design an experiment so that changes to one item cause something else to vary in
11、 a predictable way. Usually, a hypothesis will be proposed. By doing experiments to verify the accuracy of the experiments, scientists will analyze the data and draw a conclusion or check again.Goal of science: While science aims to answer questions pertaining to physical reality, it cannot be the g
12、oal of science to answer all the questions, especially those that are not provable by the scientific methods. It provides conclusions regarding our observations of nature，rather than conclusions about nature itself; it seeks to verify hypothesis, not to provide absolute and unquestionable truth.Valu
13、e of science: The scientists and students would not only directly gain scientific knowledge of the world in his field of study, but also acquire skills of systematic ，logical and analytical thought through utilizing the scientific methods. Society at large might gain from the practical benefits brou
14、ght by the new technologies created by the application of science.Technology: it is a broad concept that deals with an animal species usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects an animal species. Currently, it refers to the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of
15、 technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. Indeed, technology has brought advantages and comforts. It makes life easier and more efficient in modern life. It also bri
16、ngs harms like pollution, destruction, natural resources depletion and communication problems in social life. Technology depends on its use to determine it is advantageous or otherwise. Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness.Currently, advances in bioengineering, computing power, ma
