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1、八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：（1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词； （2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两
2、个单词）；（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后） Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？ (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone i
3、s here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点：1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习备考 go out出去4. quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6.
4、taste good. 尝起来很好 taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词7.have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself） 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothingbut+动词原形：除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。10. seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him.我好像认识他。 seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来The work se
5、ems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。11.keep a diary记日记 12. in+大地方：达到某地 （get to +地方：达到某地） arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力
6、去做某事15. feel like给的感觉；感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走 enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词，差异，差别)- different(形容词，不同的)18.start doing sth：开始做某事 （= start to do sth）19.19.over an hour一个多小时 （over超过，多余 = more than）20. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 ， 分辨三者的口诀：
7、 too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。 because因为，后跟句子。 He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词） = He was late for school because he got up late.22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money
8、.23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school. 24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完） Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做）(forget的过去式为forgot)25. so+形容词+that+句子：如此以至于too+形容词+to do sth：太以至于不能形容词+enough to do sth：足够能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to g
9、o to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school. Unit 2 How often do you exercise?本单元的话题：谈论生活习惯，复习一般现在时。本单元的语法：1.复习一般现在时；2.学习表示频率副词的用法。主要频率副词的等级排序：always(总是) usually (通常) often(经常) sometimes(有时) hardly ever(很少) never(从不)这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。 Peter is always late for
10、school. Peter上学总是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？)本单元的短语和知识点：1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看电影 help with housework帮助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不2.once
11、a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天 use the Internet用互联网 be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗？4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动5.after school 放学后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。want sb
12、to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起。7.be good for对有好处 be bad for 对有害处8. play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营 9.ask sb about sth：问某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。10. in ones spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time.11.(P13，2b)”数字+percent of
13、+名词”做主语时，后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数，后面的动词用复数形式；若名词为单数或不可数名词，后面的动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirty.12.notat all:一点儿也不 （not构成否定句）I dont like the movie at all.13.go online上网=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词：的答案 16.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式The best way
14、to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语.17.such as比如 （后跟名词或名词短语）for example 例如（后跟句子）He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.19.more than (=over)超过，多余 go to the dentist去看牙医 Unit 3 Im more
15、outgoing than my sister. 本单元的话题：谈论事物对比，学习形容词比较级。本单元的语法：学习形容词比较级。（语法：见课本第113页至115页）本单元的短语和知识点：1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓 比较play +球类 play basketball打篮球 bothand两者都(后面的动词用复数形式) Both Tom and Jim are students. 3.be good at+名词代词V ing:擅长，在某方面做得好 7.be like:像 The books are like friends.书像朋友。8.make friends (with sb)：（和某人）交朋友 enjoy doing sth:喜欢
