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1、公民电话记录隐私权保护的研究美国北卡罗莱纳州相关立法引发的思考一、美国北卡罗莱纳州关于电话记录隐私权保护的相关立法North CarolinaArticle .Telephone Records Privacy Protection Act. 14 113.30. Definitions.The following definitions apply in this Article:1.Caller identification record. A record collected and retained by or on behalf of a customer utilizing cal
2、ler identification or similar technology that is delivered electronically to the recipient of a telephone call simultaneously with the reception of the telephone call and that indicates the telephone number from which the telephone call was initiated or similar information regarding the telephone ca
3、ll.2.Customer. A person or the legal guardian of a person or a representative of a business to whom a telephone service provider provides telephone service to a number subscribed or listed in the name of the person or business.3.Person. An individual, business association, partnership, limited partn
4、ership, corporation, limited liability company, or other legal entity.4.Telephone record. A record in written, electronic, or oral form, except a caller identification record, Directory Assistance information, and subscriber list information, that is created by a telephone service provider and that
5、contains any of the following information with respect to a customer: a. Telephone numbers that have been dialed by the customer. b. Telephone numbers that pertain to calls made to the customer. c. The time when calls were made by the customer or to the customer. d. The duration of calls made by the
6、 customer or to the customer. e. The charges applied to calls, if any.5.Telephone service. The conveyance of two way communication in analog, digital, or other form by any medium, including wire, cable, fiber optics, cellular, broadband personal communications services, or other wireless technologie
7、s, satellite, microwave, or at any frequency over any part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The term also includes the conveyance of voice communication over the Internet and telephone relay service.6. Telephone service provider. A person who provides telephone service to a customer without regard t
8、o the form of technology used, including traditional wire line or cable communications service; cellular, broadband PCS, or other wireless communications service; microwave, satellite, or other terrestrial communications service; or voice over Internet communications service。北卡罗莱纳州：电话记录隐私权保护法 14 113
9、.30. 定义。下列定义适用于本条文：1.主叫识别记录。通过收集和保留呼叫者识别器或以电子形式等相似技术传递给客户的电话，同时接受电话，并显示来电号码或与来电电话相关的一些信息而形成的记录。2.客户个人或法定监护人，或者为电话服务供应商对以个人或商业名义署名商业提供电话服务的商业机构进行代表。3.个人个人，商业协会，合伙，有限合伙公司，有限责任公司或其他法律实体4.电话记录记录形式包括书面、电子、口头等形式。记录内容除了来电者身份记 录外，还包括目录帮助信息，用户列表信息。用户列表信息又包括电话服务供应商创建的和与客户相关的下列信息：(1) 客户已拔的电话号码;(2)客户自己的号码;(3)客户
10、拨打电话或接受电话的时间点;(4)客户拨出或接收电话的通话时长;(5) 如果属于收费电话，还包括电话费用项目。5.电话服务模拟双向沟通的运输，数字运输，或以电线、电缆、光纤、移动电话、宽带个人通信服务为媒介的运输，以及以卫星、微波和在任何频率的任何部分的电磁频谱的无线技术为媒介的运输。此处的电话服务还包括运输工具的语音通信互联网和电话中断服务。6.电话服务供应商以各种技术形式提供电话服务的传统的有线或有线通信服务，蜂窝电话，宽带电脑，或其他无线通信服务;微波，卫星，或其他地面通信服务;或互联网语音通讯服务。 14 113.31. Prohibition of falsely obtaining
11、, selling, or soliciting telephone records.1.No person shall obtain, or attempt to obtain, by any means, whether electronically, in writing, or in oral form, with or without consideration, a telephone record that pertains to a customer who is a resident of this State without the customers consent by
12、 doing any of the following:(1) Making a false statement or representation to an agent, representative, or employee of a telephone service provider.(2)Making a false statement or representation to a customer of a telephone service provider.(3)Knowingly providing to a telephone service provider a doc
13、ument that is fraudulent, that has been lost or stolen, or that has been obtained by fraud, or that contains a false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or representation.(4)Accessing customer accounts of a telephone service provider via the Internet without prior authorization from the customer to
14、 whom the telephone records relate.2. No person shall knowingly purchase, receive, or solicit another to purchase or receive a telephone record that pertains to a customer without the prior authorization of that customer, or if the purchaser or receiver knows or has reason to know that the record ha
15、s been obtained fraudulently.3. No person shall sell or offer to sell a telephone record that was obtained without the customers prior consent, or if the person knows or has reason to know that the telephone record was obtained fraudulently. 14 113.31. 禁止虚假获得，出售，或寻求电话记录。1.任何人不得获取或试图以电子、书面、口头形式通过如下方式
16、获取电话记录，而不论电话记录涉及到的客户是否居住在本国以及是否得到了客户的同意：(1)对代表人、代理人或电话服务供应商的雇员作虚假陈述或代表;(2)对电话服务供应商的客户作虚假陈述或代表;(3)明知提供给电话服务供应商的文件是伪造的，已丢失的或被盗的，或以欺诈手段获得的，或载有虚假的、虚构的、欺骗性的陈述或代表;(4)未经事先授权，电话服务供应商通过因特网访问客户账户的电话记录，获得与该电话记录相关人员的信息。2.明知电话记录未经客户事先授权，知道或有理由知道记录是以欺诈手段获得的而予以购买、接受、索取。3.任何人未经客户事先授权不得售卖或出售电话记录，或者购买者、接受者知道或有理由知道记录是以欺诈手段取得的。 14 113.32. Exceptions.1.The provisions of G.S.
