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1、2022年考博英语-中国政法大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life
2、and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans thought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The late
3、st was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earths atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce A
4、iberts, added this key point in the preface to the panels report: “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide conce
5、rning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warning is incomplete; that its OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence
6、is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But its obvious that a majority of the presidents advisers still dont take global warning seriously. Instead of a plan of
7、action, they continue to press for more researcha classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration wont take the legislative initiative, Co
8、ngress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy
9、needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.51. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that _.52. According to Bruce Aiberts, science can serve as _.53. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, par
10、agraph 4)?54. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?55. The author associates the issue of global warning with that of smoking because _.问题1选项A.there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and deathB.the number of early deaths of smoke
11、rs in the past decades was insignificantC.people had the freedom to choose their own way of lifeD.antismoking people were usually talking nonsense问题2选项A.a protectorB.a judgeC.a criticD.a guide问题3选项A.Endless studies kill action.B.Careful investigation reveals truth.C.Prudent planning hinders progress
12、.D.Extensive research helps decision-making.问题4选项A.Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.B.Raise public awareness of conservation.C.Press for further scientific research.D.Take some legislative measures.问题5选项A.they both suffered from the governments negligenceB.a lesson from the latter is applicab
13、le to the formerC.the outcome of the latter aggravates the formerD.both of them have turned from bad to worse【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:D第5题:B【解析】51.【试题答案】C【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“吸烟的支持者提出的论点是”。第一段第三句提到That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life（反对吸烟的游说将毁掉我们的生活方式）可以推断，吸烟的支持者认为他们有选择自己生活方式的自由，
14、因此C项“人们有自由选择自己的生活方式”符合题意。A项“吸烟与死亡之间没有相关的科学证据”，根据第一段第二句the evidence was inconclusive（证据缺乏决定性）可知不是没有相关证据，而是证据缺乏决定性，所以A项错误；根据第一段第四句Lots of Americans thought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves（很多美国人认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说，在过去的三十年间，大约1000万吸烟者早逝），可知有大约1000万吸烟者早逝这个数
15、量并不是微不足道的，因此B项“过数十年中早逝的烟民数量微不足道”错误；另外美国人是认为吸烟导致人死亡的说法是胡说八道，而不是禁烟者胡说，因此D项“禁烟者通常都是在胡说八道”也不符合题意。故该题选C。52.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据Bruce Alberts，科学可以作为”。根据第二段最后一句But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future（但是科学确实为我们提供了关于未来的最好指导）可知，科学可以作为指导，因此D项“指导”正确。A项“保护者”，B项“法官”及C项“批评家”都不符合。故该题选D。53.【试题答案】A【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行说分析导致的瘫痪是什么意思？”。根据第四段第一行提到But its obvious that a majority of the presidents advisers still dont take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more researcha classic case of “paralysis by analysis.”（但很明显，总统的
