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1、2022年考博英语-云南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题From 1947 to 1950 abstract expressions came to full maturity, and （ ）the 1950s this style dominated the New York City art scene.问题1选项A.therebyB.whenC.duringD.whereas【答案】C【解析】副词辨析。thereby “从而，因此”；when“当.的时候”；during “在.期间”；whereas “然而，鉴于”。句意：从1947年到1950年抽象表达完全成熟，在2
2、0世纪50年代期间，这种风格在纽约市的艺术舞台中占据主导地位。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题At this single point in the interior, there has been in some far distant age, a great sudden volcanic（ ）.问题1选项A.uprisingB.upliftingC.upheavalD.upbringing【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。uprising“升起的”；uplifting“令人振奋的”；upheaval“剧变”；upbringing“教养，抚育”。本句意为“内陆的这个地方，在遥远的年代曾发生过巨
3、大的火山剧变”，upheaval符合题意。因此C正确。3. 翻译题Read the following passage and then translate the underlined parts into Chinese.Stories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem.Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place
4、, the costs to these fragile environments and their local cultures as has happened with the Sperpas of Nepals Khumbu Valley and in some Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over th
5、e long term.In the Swiss Alps communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home development in the Swiss Pays dEnhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also
6、 been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient workers and repatriate most of the prof
7、its to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food
8、, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblo
9、s have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly successful with jewelry.Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands
10、. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the solution to the imbalance, because peoples desire to see new places will not just disappear.Instead, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions in order to balance their needs and aspirations with
11、 the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception .【答案】在过去的几年里，有关旅游业问题的报道层出不穷。然而，这并不一定是一个问题。在瑞士阿尔卑斯地区的社区已经明确，他们的未来取决于更有效地将旅游业与
12、当地经济结合起来。该地区的公共奶酪生产也出现了复兴，为当地人提供了不依赖外来游客的可靠收入来源。仅仅限制旅游业不能解决这种不平衡，因为人们对新地方观光的渴望不会消失。现在问题的关键是，这能否成为常态，而不是例外。4. 单选题There are both advantages and disadvantages in the scheme proposed, but（ ）I think we should benefit by adopting it.问题1选项A.in balanceB.off balanceC.on balanceD.out of balance【答案】C【解析】考查固定结构
13、。in balance“保持”；on balance“总的来说”；out of balance“失去平衡”。本句意为“总的来说，我认为采用它对我们有好处”，用“总的来说”顺承“提出的方案有优点也有缺点”。C选项符合题意。5. 翻译题Read the following Paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.尽管我们对“学习”的理解不尽完善，然而我们对此已有不少了解。“学习”可以呈现不同的形式，也可以在许多情况下进行。一般来说，“学习”必然会引起行为的变化。“学习”导致人们行为发生变化吋，这种变化常能持久。“学习”也许意味着
14、对一系列细小而不相关的行为按新的顺序重新排列。就好比你在钢琴上学习一首新的曲子。【答案】Although our understanding of learning is still not complete, a great deal is known. Learning has many different forms and takes place under many conditions. In general, it involves a change in behavior. When a change in behavior takes place as a result of
15、 learning, the change is usually a long-lasting one. Learning may mean that a number of small independent acts are arranged in a new order. This happens, for example, when you learn to play a new piece on the piano.6. 单选题Eating disorders have been most commonly associated with women and therefore most studies on anorexia nervosa have been concentrated within the female population. Such gender bias however makes it less likely that a doctor will diagnose a male as having an eating disorder or anorexia nervosa even though the symptoms might be identical.Men are far less likely to discuss an
