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1、浙江大学硕士学位论文 摘要 基于图形遍历算法的回归测试方法的研究及应用 摘要自从发明计算机以来，信息技术飞速发展，相应的软件开发与测试也在飞速成长。软件并没有人们想象当中的那么抽象与遥远，在日常生活中接触到的电脑软件、手机软件都涉及到了软件开发。当然，软件在开发出来之后就需要经过测试来检测一下软件开发的结果，这就是软件测试。在软件测试当中经常用到的验证测试方法当属回归测试。虽然回归测试成本比较贵，但是其测试结果较准确。当然，在现实中是非常激烈的。如果使用一种有效手段，通过这种机制既可以大大降低回归测试所带来的成本又可以提高监测的效率，那么就会在竞争中处于领先地位。因此，如何研发这种机制是当今软
2、件测试的重点和难点。Extend-Dejavu算法是目前使用广泛的回归测试用例选择算法，但是该算法需要利用元数据来构造控制流图和收集覆盖信息，因此在实际使用中难度很大。本文借鉴Extend-Dejavu算法精华，开发了基于修改点控制流图的回归测试用例选择算法，能够对C语言单元函数进行逻辑结构上的比较。从而减少测试用例，提高测试效率。算法主要包括以下内容：根据控制流图对比技术检测出有效修改点；根据语句节点的数据和控制之间的依赖关系构建基于修改点的软件切片；以切片得到的节点集合作为目标覆盖集合，从基准用例库中选取相关测试用例构造回归用例选择子集T0；运行T0中测试用例；基于覆盖情况分析是否存在未覆
3、盖的目标节点，若存在则构造回归用例新增子集T1；最后合并T0和T1得到回归测试用例集合。与Extend-Dejavu算法相比，本论文主要有以下改进和创新：基于控制流图对比技术检测有效修改点，能够精确定位代码修改点；在修改点的基础上进行语句级别切片，降低了回归测试的覆盖范围；补充新的用例以保证回归测试的充分性。所以，本文提出的回归测试方法具有用例选择精度高、回归测试更加充分的特点，显著提高了回归测试的效率，明确体现了其有效性。关键词：软件测试，回归测试，Extend-Dejavu，测试切片i浙江大学硕士学位论文 AbstractAbstractSince the computers have b
4、een invented, the information technology is developing rapidly, at the same time, the corresponding software development and testing is also developing rapidly. In the process of software development, the more important aspect is the regression test. Software development is not so far from us, in ou
5、r life, we are all exposed to computer software and cell phone software, and they are all related to the software development. Of course, software developers need to come out after the software has been tested to detect what the result of the development, and this is what we know software testing. R
6、egression test is often used to software development. Although the cost of regression testing is very expensive, its test results are very accurate. Of course, in todays society, competition is very fierce. If you master an effective mechanism, we can greatly reduce the cost of regression testing at
7、 the same time, we can improve the efficiency of monitoring through this mechanism .It will compete in a leading position. Therefore, how to develop such a mechanism is the focus and difficulty of todays software testing.The Extend-Dejavu algorithm is widely used the regression test cases selection
8、algorithm, but the algorithm needs to use metadata to control flow graph and collect information, so in the practical use is very difficult. Essence, this paper Extend - Dejavu algorithm is developed based on the modified point control flow graph of regression test case selection algorithm, can carr
9、y on the logical structure to the function C language unit in comparison. To reduce the test cases, improve the test efficiency. Algorithm mainly includes the following content: according to the control flow chart compares technology to detect the effective modification point; According to the state
10、ment data dependency and control dependency between nodes based on modified point build of the software section; To slice the node set as the target coverage set, from the baseline test cases selecting the related test case library T0 select subset regression cases; Run test cases in the T0; Based o
11、n the analysis whether the cover has not covered the target node, if there is the structure new subset regression case T1; Finally merge T0 and T1 regression test case set. Compared with the Extend-Dejavu algorithm, this thesis mainly has the following improvements and innovations: detection based o
12、n control flow chart compares technology modification, can accurate positioning point code change; At modify the statements on the basis of the level section, narrowed the range of regression testing; Add new test cases to ensure the adequacy of the regression test. Regression testing method is prop
13、osed in this paper, therefore, the use cases with higher precision, more fully the characteristics of regression testing, greatly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the regression test.Key Words：Software Testing,Regression Testing, Extend - Dejavu,Test Sectioniii浙江大学硕士学位论文 目录目录摘要IAbstractII
14、图目录III表目录IV第1章 绪论11.1 课题背景11.2 国内外研究现状及进展21.3 本文主要研究工作51.4 论文组织形式51.5 本章小结6第2章 软件测试和回归测试的策略72.1 软件测试72.1.1 软件测试的目的72.1.2 软件测试方法72.1.3 软件测试策略82.2 回归测试92.2.1 回归测试分类92.2.2 回归测试策略92.3 软件测试与回归测试比较112.4 本章小结12第3章 基于字节码控制流图的回归测试用例选择算法综述133.1 Dejavu算法以及扩展算法的介绍133.2 UT2测试实例153.2.1 测试环境153.2.2 新旧版本字节码163.2.3
15、原始Dejavu算法控制流图163.2.4 Extend-Dejavu算法控制流图173.2.5 测试结果183.3 本章小结18第4章 基于修改点控制流图的回归测试用例选择算法194.1 算法概述194.2 无效修改点判定设计194.2.1 基本概念194.2.2 设计原理与算法234.3 确定测试切片294.3.1 基本概念304.3.2 设计原理与算法324.4 UT3测试实例344.4.1 无效修改点判定测试344.4.2 确定测试切片测试364.5 本章小结39第5章 优化算法对比分析及实际应用405.1 对比分析405.1.1 单测试用例算法精度对比415.1.2 多测试用例算法精度对比425.2 TD-LTE项目中自动化测试平台应用435.2.1 用例库管理445.2.2 系统运行445.2.3 OMCR-CT及DEBUGTOOL475.2.4 测试结果及分析49（一）测试报告49（二）
