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1、2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题For decades, arms control talks centered on nuclear weapons. This is hardly surprising, since a single nuclear bomb can destroy an entire, city. Yet, unlike smaller arms, these immensely powerful weapons have not been used in war in over 50 years.Respected mili
2、tary historian John Keegan writes: “Nuclear weapons have, since August 9, 1945, killed no one. The 50,000,000 who have died in war since that date have for the most part, been killed by cheap, mass-produced weapons and small ammunition, costing little more than the transistor radios and dry-cell bat
3、teries which have flooded the world in the same period. Because small weapons have disrupted life very little in the advanced world, outside the restricted localities where drug-dealing and political terrorism flourish, the populations of the rich states have been slow to recognize the horror that t
4、his pollution has brought in its train.”No one knows precisely how many small arms and light weapons are in circulation, but experts estimate that military-style firearms may number about 500million. In addition, tens of millions of civilian-type rifles and pistols are owned by private citizens. Wha
5、t is more, new weapons are produced and fed into the market each year:Why have small arms become the weapons of choice in recent wars? Part of the reason lies in the relationship between conflict and poverty. Most of the wars fought during the 1990s took place in countries that are poortoo poor to b
6、uy sophisticated weapon systems. Small arms and light weapons are a bargain. For example, 50 million dollars, which is approximately the cost of a single modern jet fighter, can equip an army with 200,000 assault rifles.Another reason why small weapons are so popular is that they are lethal. A singl
7、e rapid-fire assault rifle can fire hundreds of rounds a minute. They are also easy to use and maintain. A child of ten can be taught to strip and reassemble a typical assault rifle. A child can also quickly learn to aim and fire that rifle into a crowd of people.The global traffic in guns is comple
8、x. Huge supplies of guns pass legally from nation to nation. After the Cold War, armies in both the East and the West were reduced, and governments gave or sold excess equipment to friends and allies. According to an estimate since 1995 the United States alone has given away more than 800,000 rifles
9、, pistols, machine guns, and grenade launchers. It is reasoned that giving weapons away is cheaper than dismantling or storing and guarding them.The illegal trade, however, may be much larger. Black-market weapons usually have to be purchased. In some African wars, paramilitary groups have bought hu
10、ndreds of millions of dollars worth of small arms and light weapons, not with money, but with diamonds seized from diamond-mining areas.Weapons are also linked to the illegal trade in drugs. It is not unusual for criminal organizations to use the same routes to smuggle drugs in one direction as they
11、 use exchange to smuggle guns in the other.1. It is implied in the passage that_.2. All of the following are the reasons why small arms have become the choice in recent wars except_.3. Why did US government give away a large number of small arms?4. We can conclude from the passage that_.5. The best
12、title for this passage is probably_.问题1选项A.small arms control is even more important than nuclear arms-controlB.it is hardly surprising that the nuclear arms-control talks have not reached an agreementC.nuclear weapons power to kill people has been exaggeratedD.nuclear weapons are not as powerful as
13、 small weapons问题2选项A.small arms are cheapB.Small arms are powerful antipersonnel weaponsC.small arms are easier to useD.small arms are easier to get问题3选项A.Because it wants to arm their friends and allies.B.Because it is less expensive than keeping them.C.Because it wants to save the resources.D.Beca
14、use it is better to store and guard them in other countries.问题4选项A.small arms are not expensive in the black-marketB.it is unfair to exchange small arms for diamondC.criminals use the same passage to smuggle drugs and small armsD.where there are drugs, there are small arms问题5选项A.Small Arms Talks, No
15、t Nuclear Arms TalksB.Neglect of Small Arms ControlC.Global Traffic in Small ArmsD.Small Arms, Big Problems【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第一段对人们对于核武器与小型武器的重视程度和各自使用频率进行对比，第二段对比两种武器伤害的人的数量，可知这篇文章想要人们更重视小型武器，所以A选项“小型军备控制甚至比核军备控制更重要”正确，C选项“核武器杀伤力被夸大”和D选项“核武器不如小型武器强大”不是表达的重点，故错误。B选项“核军备控制谈判没有达成协议不足为奇”：文章没有涉及，故错误。因此A选项正确。2.事实细节题。A选项“小型武器很便宜”：根据第四段第四句Small arms and light weapons are a bargain（小武器和轻武器很便宜。），所以便宜是小型武器运用在近年战争的原因，故A选项错误。B选项“小型武器杀伤性强”：根据第五段第一句Another reason why small weapons are so popular is that they are lethal.（小型武器如此流行的另一个原因是它们的是致命性。），故B选项错误。所以C选项“小型武器使用更
