《M5U1Grammar（教育精品）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《M5U1Grammar（教育精品）（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Module 5 Unit 1 Grammar and UsageTeaching aims:Enable the students to learn the to infinitive, the bare infinitive and the verb-ing form as a moun.Teaching important points:1. Learn how to use the to infinitive, the bare infinitive and the verb-ing form as a moun. 2. Learn the differences between th
2、e to infinitive, the bare infinitive and the verb-ing form.Teaching methods:Explaining and practicing.Teaching procedures:Activity 1: Definition 非谓语动词 ( to do ; v-ing, v-ed ) 定义：是在句子中不能单独做谓语的动词，这样的动词没有人称和数的变化。 具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。Activity 2: to infinitive to infinitive在句子中可以做：主语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语 分析下列各句中to in
3、finitive所充当的成分。 To find a best friend is difficult. 主语 I need to sleep for eight hours every night. 宾语 His aim was to cheer me up. 表语 I have a very important meeting to attend. 定语 You need to apologize quickly to avoid losing a good friend. 状语 I asked him to come over. 宾补1. 作主语 不定式在句中做主语，相当于名词或代词的作用
4、，在很多情况下，不定式用it作形式主语。其句型结构为：It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult) + 不定式 It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, ones duty, a shame) + 不定式 It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience) + 不定式E.g. To learn English well is not easy. It is not easy to learn English well. To become a good
5、 teacher is my desire. It is impossible to finish so much homework in such a short time . It is difficult to communicate with this person . It takes patience to be a good teacher.2. 作表语 Our most important task now is to make a plan. The next step is to make sure that what happened to him. 当句子的主语是aim
6、, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。E.g. Now the only thing we can do is wait.3. 作宾语 常见的接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage,
7、offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish etc.E.g. He promised to make up with me. The car failed to stop at the red light. He hoped to go back to his hometown. He managed to solve the problem by himself. 注：a) sb. find (feel, think, make, believe, judge)+ it+ adj. / n. + to do sth.句型中，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾
8、语。 I find it hard to get along with her. We feel it pleasant to work with him. He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. b) 动词不定式作动词tell, show, understand, know, teach, learn, discuss等词的宾语时，不定式前面常带疑问词，构成“动词+疑问词(how, when, where, what)+ to do”结构。He showed me how to use the machine.4. 作宾语补足语
9、 下列动词后跟带to的不定式作补语: get,ask,force, order, tell, invite, allow, wish, want,like ,expect,advise, beg, etc。 You should get them to help you . The teacher asked us not to make so much noise. My parents dont allow me to stay out late. Please remind me not to forget the meeting.5. 作定语 不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词。以
10、下几类情况常用不定式作定语：能带不定式作宾语的动词，其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。常见的有attempt, decision, promise, plan等。 His eagerness to finish his homework was quite clear. Her efforts to carry out the plan were wasted.序数词,形容词最高级或被only, last, next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语。 She was the only person to survive after the earthquake. He is always the f
11、irst to come and the last to leave.Tips: 不定式在作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。 Theres nothing to worry about. He is looking for a room to live in.6. 作状语 不定式可以作状语，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. He ran to the station only to find the train ha
12、d left. Im sorry to hear that your mother is ill.7. 作独立成分（插入语），用来说明说话人的态度、看法、对整个句子进行解释，如to be frank (坦白地说), to be sure(确实), to tell the truth, to begin with等。 To tell the truth, I know nothing about it.Activity 3: 不定式的时态和语态时态 / 语态主动被动一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing/完成式to have doneto have been done不
13、定式的进行式：to be + V-ing, 用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。不定式完成式：to have + V-ed构成，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态。不定式的被动式分为一般式被动to be V-ed和完成式被动to have been V-edE.g. The two cheats pretended to be working hard on the empty looms (织布机). I am sorry to have put you so much trouble. The meeting
14、is to be held tomorrow. The room seems to have been tidied up already.Activity 4: Bare infinitiveA. 在感官动词或使役动词see, watch, notice, observe,look at（五看）make, have, let（三使） hear, listen to（二听）feel（一感）等动词后面，不定式作宾补不带to（主动省”to”，被动加 “to”）。 I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song.
15、He was seen to read the newspaper by the river. His daughter was made to play the piano for two hours every day.B. 在would rather, rather than, had better, may/ might as well等结构之后用不带to的不定式。 I would rather go than stay here. You had better apologize to me immediately.C. why (not) do.? Why not join us in dancing? Why not visit our grandma today?D. 在cant but, cant help but, cant choose but“不得不.”之后的
