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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the regions growing pile of electronic trash.A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose
2、 local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention.Environmentalists and local governments are increasin
3、gly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high leve
4、ls of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California landfills.Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devic
5、es contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling.A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech ma
6、nufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste.If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age.But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, o
7、ppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers.“What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware theyre not supposed to throw computers in the trash,” said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for
8、 the electronics association.Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added.Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isnt
9、 contracted to unscrupulous junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas.“The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,” said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Shers bill that would prevent the export of e-
10、waste.1. What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal?2. The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern _.3. Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because _.4. High-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV
11、or computer purchased in California, consumers will _.5. We learn from the passage that much of Californias electronic waste has been _.问题1选项A.Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.B.Lay down relevant local regulations themselves.C.Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.D.Ral
12、ly support to pass the stalled bills.问题2选项A.regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfillsB.the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countriesC.the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trashD.the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the state问题3选项A.th
13、ey contain large amounts of harmful substancesB.this is banned by the California governmentC.some parts may be recycled for use elsewhereD.unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profit问题4选项A.abandon online shoppingB.buy them from other statesC.strongly protest against such a chargeD.hesitate to
14、 upgrade their computers问题5选项A.collected by non-profit agenciesB.dumped into local landfillsC.exported to foreign countriesD.recycled by computer manufacturers【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal? 旧金山湾区的官员打算采取什么步骤处理电子垃圾？A
15、. Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices. A. 对电子设备制造商施加压力。B. Lay down relevant local regulations themselves. B. 自行制定有关地方规章制度。C. Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly. C. 游说加州议会的立法者。D. Rally support to pass the stalled bills. D. 争取支持通过停滞不前的法案。【答案】B【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第一段“湾区官员周四表示，他们计划自己动手来管理该地区日益增多的电子垃圾。”以及第二段“他们将提出旨在控制电子垃圾的地方倡议”由此可知他们将自行制定关于处理电子垃圾的地方制度。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项“对电子设备制造商施加压力。”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“游说加州议会的立法者。”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“争取支持通过停滞不前的法案。”，文章第二段提到“如果加州立法机构未能就两项在议会搁置的法案采取行动，他们将提出旨在控制电子垃圾的地方倡议。”只是说会提出地方倡议，并没有说争取支持通过停滞不前的法案，该选项属于过度推断。2.
