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1、2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, todays traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the
2、 students major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life”. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a l
3、ow. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the jobeven before she completed her
4、two-year associate degree.While its true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributionsbe they scientific or artistic. I
5、t is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their
6、 employer out of business. No company, no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as the
7、y sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom, “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term point of view, thats what education really ought to be about.1. According to the authors observation, college st
8、udents _.2. The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _.3. By saying “While its true that.be they scientific or artistic” (Para. 5), the author means that _.4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?问题1选项A.have never been so materialistic as to
9、dayB.have never been so interested in the artsC.have never been so financially well off as todayD.have never attached so much importance to moral sense问题2选项A.the influences of their instructorsB.the financial goals they seek in lifeC.their own interpretations of the coursesD.their understanding of t
10、he contributions of others问题3选项A.business management should be included in educational programsB.human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC.human intellectual development has reached new heightsD.the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked问题4选项A.Businessmen absor
11、bed in their career are narrow-minded.B.Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C.Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.D.People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C【解析】第1题:【选项释义】According to the authors observation, college
12、 students _. 根据作者的观察，大学生_。A. have never been so materialistic as today A. 从来没有像今天这样唯物主义B. have never been so interested in the arts B. 从未对艺术如此感兴趣C. have never been so financially well off as today C. 从没有像今天这样富裕过D. have never attached so much importance to moral sense D. 从未如此重视道德感【答案】A【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思
13、路】根据题干中信息词college students定位到第一段，该处讲到“调查显示（According to a survey），如今传统年龄的大学新生比以往任何时候都更多奉行物质享乐主义（more materialistic），更少奉行利他主义。”，可知在作者看来，大学生从未像如今这样唯物主义，因此A选项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“从未对艺术如此感兴趣”：文中没有提到大学生对艺术感兴趣，属于无中生有；C选项“从没有像今天这样富裕过”：对应第二段第一句“在这样的困难时期，学生的主要目标是实现经济富裕（be financially well off）。”，这里没有把过去和现在的学生进行比较，而
14、且学生并不富裕，属于偷换概念；D选项“从未如此重视道德感”：对应第一段“大学新生比以往任何时候都更少奉行利他主义（less altruistic）。”，可知如今的大学生没有以前那么重视道德感，属于反向干扰。第2题:【选项释义】The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _. 如今，学生们选择专业的标准与_有很大关系。A. the influences of their instructors A. 他们的导师的影响B. the financial goals they seek in life B.
15、 他们在生活中追求的财务目标C. their own interpretations of the courses C. 他们自己对课程的理解D. their understanding of the contributions of others D. 他们对他人贡献的理解【答案】B【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干中信息词selecting majors定位到第二段，该处讲到“在这样的困难时期，学生的主要目标是实现经济富裕（financially well off）由此可见（It follows then），如今最受欢迎的课程（most popular course）不是文学或历史，而是会计。”，可知学生对专业的选择和其财务目标相关，因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“他们导师的影响”：对应第四段第二句“我的一个朋友是一家化学公司的销售代表，她工作的第一年挣的钱是她大学老师的两倍（twice the salary of her college instructors）。”，这里只是讲到学生和老师工资的差异，并没有表达老师和学生选择专业的关系，属于偷换概念；C选项“他们自己对课程的理解”：文中没有提到学生对课程的理解导致对专业的选择不同，属于无中生有；D选项
