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1、考研考博-考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题They dont know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and _.问题1选项A.faultB.slopC.errorD.mistake【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. fault过错；缺点 B. slop泔水；（倒掉的）剩饭菜C. error错误；差错 D. mistake错误，失误【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】按照句意“他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统，但他们通过试验和_设法做到了”，由by trial可知
2、，by trial and error是固定搭配，表示“反复试验”，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项泛指抽象的过失、过错、责任等，不符合句意；B项不符合句意；D项指判断或理解方面的错误，或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误，不符合句意。【句意】他们不知道如何安装中央供暖系统，但他们通过反复试验设法做到了。2. 单选题His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _.问题1选项A.circleB.rankC.categoryD.grade【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. circle圆圈 B. r
3、ank（尤指较高的）地位，级别C. category（人或事物的）类别，种类 D. grade等级，品级【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词soldier和top可知，此处是指最高军衔的军人，而rank指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔，符合句意，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是指按照地位或优劣划分的等级，是比较宽泛的等级，放在句中不恰当。【句意】他的脾气和个性表明他能成为一名有最高军衔的军人。3. 单选题Hot metal _ as it grows cooler.问题1选项A.contractsB.reducesC.condensesD.co
4、mpresses【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. contracts（使）收缩，缩小 B. reduces减少；降低C. condenses（由气体）冷凝，（使气体）凝结 D. compresses（被）压紧，压缩【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词cooler（变冷），结合常识可知，热胀冷缩，所以空格处表示“缩小”，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项不符合句意；D项是指由于外力的压缩造成的，不符合语境。【句意】热金属一开始变冷就收缩。4. 单选题The reason he wants to take a leave of absence is _.问题1选项A.beca
5、use he is needing a complete restB.because he needed a complete restC.that he needs a complete restD.because a complete rest is needed by him【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. because he is needing a complete rest B. because he needed a complete restC. that he needs a complete rest D. because a complete rest is need
6、ed by him【答案】C【考查点】表语从句。【解题思路】分析句子可知，句子缺少表语，而结合选项可知，该句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”，所以空格处是一个表语从句，because和that都可以引导表语从句，而“需要休息”的主体是he，所以从句中的主语用he，又根据前面的wants可知，need应该同样用一般现在时，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项need一般不用于进行时态；B项need时态使用错误；D项主语应该是he，故排除。【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。5. 单选题Passage twoPsychological tests are tools. Like all
7、 tools, their effectiveness depends on the knowledge, skill, and sincerity of the user. A hammer can be used to build a beautiful kitchen cabinet of it can be used as a weapon of assault. Like a hammer, intelligence tests can be used for positive purposes or they can be abusive. It is important for
8、both the test constructor and the test examiner to be familiar with the current state of scientific knowledge about intelligence and intelligence tests.Even though they have limitations, intelligence tests are among psychologys most widely used tools. To be effective, though, intelligence tests must
9、 be viewed realistically. They should not be thought of as a fixed, unchanging indicator of a persons intelligence. They should also be used in conjunction with other information about a person and should not be relied upon as the sole indicator of whether a child should be placed in a special-educa
10、tion or gifted class. The childs developmental history, medical background, performance in school, social competencies, and family experiences should be taken into account, too.The single number provided by many IQ tests can easily lead to stereotypes and expectations about a person. Many people do
11、not know how to sweeping generalizations about a person are too often made on the basis of an IQ score. Imagine, for example, that you are a teacher sitting in the teachers lounge the day after school has started in the fall. You mention a studentJohnny Jones and a fellow teacher remarks that she ha
12、d Johnny in class last year, and goes on to say that he was a real dunce, pointing out that his IQ is 78. You cannot help but remember this information, and it may lead you to think that Johnny Jones is not very bright so it is useless to spend much time teaching him. In this way, IQ scores are misu
13、sed and stereotypes are formed.26. According to the author, intelligence tests _.27. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?28. The word “dunce” (Para. 3) stands for _.29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _.30. Which of the following is the best title of t
14、he passage?问题1选项A.cannot be used as the indicator of a persons intelligenceB.can be used for positive purposes and can also be misusedC.are widely used because it is the sole indicator of ones intelligenceD.are not so effective due to their own shortcomings问题2选项A.The knowledge, skill and the sinceri
15、ty of the user are the factors determining the effectiveness of the psychological test.B.Since the intelligence tests have limitations, their results are not reliable although they are used very often.C.A persons intelligence can be measured with precision and accuracy if he or she takes an intelligence test.D.Whether a child should be placed in a gifted class can easily be decided by his performance in the intelligenc
