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1、2022年考博英语-南京大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The gloves were really too small, and it was only by （ ） them that I managed to get them on.问题1选项A.spreadingB.squeezingC.extendingD.stretching【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。spread“传播，散步”；squeeze “压榨，榨取” ;extend “延长，扩展”；stretch “伸展，拉伸”。句意：这副手套太小了，只有不停地拉伸它才能将它戴上。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题
2、A lie is as much a lie, when it is whispered or when it is（ ）at the market cross.问题1选项A.proclaimedB.reclaimedC.acclaimedD.claimed【答案】A【解析】形近词词义解析。proclaim “声明”；reclaim“指收回或利用废物”；acclaim “喝彩”；claim “声称”。句意：谎言就是谎言，不管是小声说的，还是在街上大声宣扬的。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Some sociologists are worried about the （ ） throughout
3、the whole society.问题1选项A.fraudulentB.generousC.dynamicD.compulsive【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。fraudulent “欺诈的”； generous “慷慨的”；dynamic “动态的”; compulsive “极有趣的”。句意：一些社会学家担心整个社会的欺诈问题。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题He studied at a famous college when he was young, （ ） contributed to his success in later life.问题1选项A.whichB.itC.tha
4、tD.what【答案】A【解析】复合句语法知识。对定语从句的考查。题目为非限制性定语从句。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题Manufacturing is Chinas most important economic activity, （ ）over 30 percent of the workforce.问题1选项A.includingB.engagingC.approximatingD.accounting【答案】B【解析】考查动词辦析。四个选项的意思分别是: including包含，包括； engaging聘用，雇用； approximating近似，接近； accounting记述，报告
5、。句意:制造业是中国最重要的经济活动，雇佣了超过30%的劳动力。本题考查的是分词短语作状语，根据句意可推出正确答案是B。6. 单选题He felt a great sense of （ ）after his success.问题1选项A.fulfillmentB.fortificationC.innovationD.illumination【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。fulfillment “履行，实行，满足”；fortification “防御工事”；innovation “创新”；illumination “阐明”。句意：成功后他获得了一种满足感。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题The m
6、usic aroused an（ ） feeling of homesickness in him.问题1选项A.intentionalB.intermittentC.intenseD.intrinsic【答案】C【解析】考查形近异义词义辨析。intentional “故意的”；intermittent“间歇的，断断续续的”；intense “强烈的”；intrinsic “本质的，固有的”。句意：这首音乐使他产生了强烈的思乡情怀。选项C符合题意。8. 单选题The international Olympic Games, regarded as the world s most presti
7、gious athletic competition, take place once every the four years.问题1选项A.regardedB.prestigiousC.take placeD.the four years【答案】D【解析】固定短语错误，选项D应该是every four years “每四年”，句意：国际奥林匹克运动会，被认为是最著名的运动竞赛，每四年举办一次。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题Mr. Smith became very（ ）when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.问题1选项A.ingeni
8、ousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词词义辨折。ingenious “有独创性的，机灵的”；empirical “经验主义的”；objective “客观的”；indignant “愤愤不平的”。句意：当被指出犯了错误时，史密斯先生感到很气愤。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题In spite of the（ ）economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.问题1选项A.gloomyB.miserableC.shadowyD.obscure【答案】
9、A【解析】考查近义词辨析。gloomy “惨淡”miserable “悲惨的，痛苦的”；shadowy “模糊的”；obscure “晦涩的，不清楚的”。in spite of表示转折，句子意思为：尽管经济前景不景气，但是制造业的产量略有上涨。选项A符题意。11. 单选题Freud derived psychoanalytic knowledge of childhood indirectly; he（ ） childhood processes from adult memory.问题1选项A.reconstructedB.incorporatedC.obstructedD.fostered
10、【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。reconstruct “重现，改造”；incorporate“包含，吸收”；obstruct “阻塞，妨碍”；foster “培养，养育”。句意：弗洛伊德间接性地推断出了儿童精神分析知识，从成年人的记忆中修复了儿时的记忆。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题Stanley was（ ）by what I had said and when I realized this, I apologized to him for being so tactless. 问题1选项A.woundedB.frustratedC.resentedD.offended【答案】D【解析】
11、动词词义辨析。Wound“伤害，使受伤”；frustrate“挫败，阻挠”；resent“怨恨，愤恨”；offend“冒犯”。句意：斯坦利对我的话感到了被冒犯，当我意识到这一点，我为我的不得体向他道歉。13. 单选题His（ ）directions confused us； we did not know which of the two roads to take.问题1选项A.ambiguousB.complicatedC.arbitraryD.intricate【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ambiguous “模糊不清的”；complicated “复杂的”；arbitrary
12、 “任意的，武断的，专制的” ；intricate “复杂的，错综的”。他模糊不清的指导使我们困惑，我们不知道该走哪条路。选项A符合题意。14. 单选题New technology is making the traditional farming machinery and methods （ ）.问题1选项A.efficientB.emergentC.obsoleteD.nostalgic【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。efficient “有效率的”；emergent “紧急的”；obsolete “过时的”；nostalgic “怀旧的”。句意：新的科技使传统的农业机械和方法渐渐过时
13、了。选项C符合题意。15. 单选题Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects eve
14、ry day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation t resulting in museum-quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder.1 would like to make an outrageous suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. I would propose that scientific archaeological expeditions and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide substantial funds for the excavation and preser-vation of archaeological si
