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1、Unit 4 第3课时Learning about language.单项填空从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。1(2007北京)He is a student at Oxford University，_for a degree in computer science.Astudied BstudyingCto have studied Dto be studying答案：B主语He与study之间为主动关系，此处现在分词作伴随状语，不定式常表示目的和结果，所以不合适。2(2007四川)Peter received a letter just now_his grandm
2、a would come to see him soon.Asaid BsaysCsaying Dto say答案：Cletter与say之间为主动关系，故用现在分词短语作定语相当于定语从句which said。3(2007天津)The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_in the natural light during the day.Ato let BlettingClet Dhaving let答案：BThe glass doors与let之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表示一
3、种自然而然的结果；不定式表示出乎意外或不愿出现的结果，所以A项不合适。4(2007湖南)As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not_， and asked myself what I was going to do.Amoved BmovingCto move Dbeing moved答案：B分析一下可知stood与ask为并列动作，而not move则是当时的状态，主语与move为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。5(2007陕西)_that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am a
4、bler than her.ATo have said BHaving saidCTo say DSaying答案：B此处需要用分词作状语表示让步意义，主句主语与say之间为主动关系，而且说这一动作发生在过去，所以用完成式更合适。6(2006江苏30)Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always_the same thing.AsayingBsaidCto say Dhaving said答案：A题意：每当有人问他为何迟到时，他总会心不在焉地回答，说相同的事情。现在分词(短
5、语)在句中担任伴随状语。7(2006全国232)_and happy, Tony stood up and accepted and prize.ASurprising BSurprisedCBeing surprised DTo be surprising答案：B题意：托尼又惊又喜，站起来接受奖品。本题考查过去分词短语(或形容词短语)在句中担任状语。短语surprised and happy与句子的主语Tony之间构成“系表”结构，此时其前不能采用being。注意：由过去分词转化而来的形容词在句中担任状语或后置定语时，不能和being连用。例如： Lost in thought, he al
6、most ran into the car in front of him.陷入沉思，他差一点撞到前面的车上。(原因状语) The girl dressed in white is my cousin.身穿白衣的那个女孩是我表妹。(后置定语)8(2006四川33)_with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.AFaced BFaceCFacing DTo face答案：A题意：面对如此多的困难，我们没有准时完成任务。过去分词短语在句中担任原因状语，转化为原因状语从句为：As we were faced with so
7、 much trouble，.；其中，be faced with表示“面对，面临”；例如：You are faced with choices.你面临选择。注意：由过去分词转化而来的形容词在句中担任状语或后置定语时，不能和being连用。9(2006陕西17)Faced with a bill for $10,000，_.AJohn has taken an extra jobBthe boss has given John an extra jobCan extra job has been takenDan extra job has been given to John答案：A题意：面临
8、着10,000美元的债务，约翰兼职又做了一份工作。非谓语动词(短语)作状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。面对债务的人应该是约翰而不是“老板”或“工作”。10(2006湖北34)Dont sit there _nothing. Come and help me with this table.Ado Bto doCdoing Dand doing答案：C题意：不要坐在那儿无所事事，过来帮我搬桌子。现在分词短语doing nothing在句中担任伴随状语。本题的Dont sit there.是一个简单句，一个单句有且只能有一个谓语动词。既然这里的sit已经是一个谓语动词了，就不能再出现第二个谓语动
9、词，所以要将动词do变成分词doing，与句子的主语(you)构成逻辑上的主谓关系。11(2006浙江5)When_different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.Acompared Bbeing comparedCcomparing Dhaving compared答案：C题意：在比较不同的文化时，我们通常只是注意其差异，而忽视了它们的许多相似之处。本题考查状语从句的省略，补充完整为：When we compare differe
10、nt cultures，.；本题也可以理解为现在分词短语作时间状语。动词compare与主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，采用现在分词表示主动。12(2006安徽21)My cousin came to see me from the country，_me a full basket of fresh fruits.Abrought BbringingCto bring Dhad brought答案：B题意：表兄从乡下来看我，给我带来了一篮子新鲜的水果。现在分词短语bring me a full basket of fresh fruits在句中作伴随状语，表示与谓语动作同时发生的一个主动动作。
11、13(2006上海40)_automatically(自动地)the email will be received by all the club members.AMailed out BMailing outCTo be mailed out DHaving mailed out答案：A题意：这封电子邮件自动发出，俱乐部的所有成员都能收到。本题考查分词作方式状语。动词mail的逻辑主语是句子的主语email，邮件是被寄出地，所以采用过去分词表示“被动”和“完成”的含义，故选A。注意：不定式短语在句中只能担任“目的状语” “原因状语”和“结果状语”。14(2005山东27)Oil price
12、s have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4.Ahave reached BreachingCto reach Dto be reaching答案：B题意：自从年初以来，石油的价格已经上涨了32%，四月份达到创纪录的每桶57.65美元的价格。现在分词作结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果；例如：He fired, wounding one of the bandits. 他开了枪，打伤了其中一个匪徒。不定式作结果状语，表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果；例如
13、：I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。15(2005全国320)“You cant catch me ！”Janet shouted，_away.Arun BrunningCto run Dran答案：B题意：“你抓不住我！”珍妮特喊叫着跑远了。现在分词running在句中作伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动词shouted同时发生的主动动作。例如：Holding the rope with one hand, he stretched out the other to the boy in the water.他一只手拉着绳子，把另一只手伸给水中的男孩
14、。16(2005上海36)More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays，_advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.Ataking BtakenChaving taken Dhaving been taken答案：A题意：如今越来越多的人报名参加瑜伽课程，充分利用健康和放松所带来的益处。take advantage of sth.make full use of sth.put sth. to good use表示“利用，利用的机会，充分利用”；例如：They took full advantage of the hotels facilities.他们充分利用旅馆的设备。本题考查分词作伴随状语；take advantage of与句子的主语people之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以采用现在分词表示一个与谓语动词同时发生的动作。17(2005广东24)He glanced over at her，_that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.Ahaving noted BnotedCto note Dnoting
