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1、2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题For reasons yet to be fully understood, one out of ten human beings in the world is left-handed, and from one generation to the next, this ratio is roughly preserved. As we know, left-handedness cuts across socioeconomic, ethnic, and gender lines. Yet throughou
2、t history prominent figures in scienceto say nothing of religionhave identified in left-handedness signs of viciousness or worse. In 1903, Italian physician Cesare Lombroso identified left-handedness as one of the degeneracy signs of the born criminals. Three years later, Dr. Wilhelm Fliess suggeste
3、d that left-handedness was a reliable identification of homosexuality. And in 1937 British psychologist Cyril Burt declared left-handedness to be a mark of an ill-organized nervous system.As demonstrated by all the “therapeutic” coercion that left-handed children were subjected to during the first h
4、alf of the 20th century, these biases had more than just a theoretical impact. Yet even when this gauche predilection was being discouraged, handism was certainly never taken as seriously as racism or sexism now is. Perhaps its the arbitrary nature of the trait that has militated against meaningful
5、discrimination. After all, even when both parents are right-handed, there is still a 10 percent chance that they will bring a left-handed baby into the world. Moreover, a white baby born in Scaresdale is just as likely to be left-handed as a black baby in Hardem. Hence when the left-handed George Bu
6、sh became President of the United States, it was hardly interpreted as a blow against prejudice. Nor was much attention paid to the fact that Ronald Reagan and Gerald Ford were also southpaws.36. Left-handedness is _.37. According to the passage, left-handedness _.38. The word “handism” in Paragraph
7、 2 most probably means _.39. The word “southpaws” at the end of the passage means _.40. Judging from the context, Scaresdale is a place inhabited by _.问题1选项A.a thing that is cultivatedB.a thing that occurs by pure chanceC.a thing of genetic inheritanceD.a thing that occurs more in prominent figures问
8、题2选项A.is discouraged but not discriminated againstB.has caused discrimination as serious as sexism and racismC.is a subject that has drawn more and more attentionD.is an advantage in running for public office问题3选项A.being skillful with ones handsB.quality of being convenientC.discrimination against l
9、eft-handed peopleD.encouragement to use both hands instead of one问题4选项A.a boxer from the southB.a politician from a southern stateC.a person with extraordinarily large handsD.a left-handed person问题5选项A.white peopleB.black peopleC.mixed racesD.rich people【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】36.【选项释义】36.
10、Left-handedness is _. 36. 左撇子是_。A. a thing that is cultivated A. 需要后天培养的B. a thing that occurs by pure chance B. 一种纯属偶然的现象C. a thing of genetic inheritance C. 一种遗传现象D. a thing that occurs more in prominent figures D. 多出现在杰出人物身上【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据第二段第三和第四句“也许是这种特征的随意性（arbitrary nature）阻碍了有意义的歧视。毕竟，即使
11、父母都是右撇子，他们生下左撇子婴儿的几率仍有10%。”，理解可知，左撇子并不受遗传影响，从arbitrary nature（随意性）可以看出，左撇子是偶然发生的。故该题选择B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“需要后天培养的”从原文可知，左撇子是天生的，该项反向干扰；C选项“一种遗传现象”也与原文相反，反向干扰；D选项“多出现在杰出人物身上”从第一段第二句“我们知道，左撇子跨越了社会经济、种族和性别的界限”可以看出，左撇子在所有的社会、人种和性别中都有，并不是在杰出人物中更多，所以该项曲解原文。37.【选项释义】37. According to the passage, left-handednes
12、s _. 37. 根据文章，左撇子_。A. is discouraged but not discriminated against A. 是不被鼓励的，但不是被歧视的B. has caused discrimination as serious as sexism and racism B. 已经造成了像性别歧视和种族歧视一样严重的歧视C. is a subject that has drawn more and more attention C. 是一个越来越受到关注的话题D. is an advantage in running for public office D. 是竞选公职的一个
13、优势【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】从第二段中的第二和第三句“然而，即使这种笨拙的偏好被劝阻时，它从来没有像现在的种族主义或性别歧视那样被严肃对待。也许是这种特征的随意性阻碍了有意义的歧视。”，从中可知，左撇子并没有受到歧视，只是生活中有些气馁。所以A选项“是不被鼓励的，但不是被歧视的”符合题干。【干扰项排除】B选项“已经造成了像性别歧视和种族歧视一样严重的歧视”和C选项“是一个越来越受到关注的话题”与原文表述并不符合，曲解原文；D选项“是竞选公职的一个优势”文中未提及，无中生有。38.【选项释义】38. The word “handism” in Paragraph 2 most prob
14、ably means _. 38. 第二段中的“handism”一词很可能是_的意思。A. being skillful with ones hands A. 双手灵巧B. quality of being convenient B. 方便的特点C. discrimination against left-handed people C. 对左撇子的歧视D. encouragement to use both hands instead of one D. 鼓励人们用两只手而不是一只手【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位到第二段第二句“handism从来没有像现在的种族主义或性别歧视
15、那样被严肃对待（handism was certainly never taken as seriously as racism or sexism）”，从中可知handism是与racism和sexism类似的构词法，而racism和sexism都是表示歧视的意思，所以推测handism也表示“对使用左手的歧视”。C项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“双手灵巧”、B选项“方便的特点”和D选项“鼓励人们用两只手而不是一只手”都与原文不符，无中生有。39.【选项释义】39. The word “southpaws” at the end of the passage means _. 39. 文章最后的单词“southpaws”的意思是_。A. a boxer from the south A. 来自南方的拳击手B. a politician from a southern state B. 一位来自南部州的政治家C. a person with extraordinarily large hands C. 手特别大的人D. a left-handed person D. 一个左撇子的人【考查
