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1、2022年考博英语-湖南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The language experts believe that the（ ）age for learning a foreign language is 6 years old.问题1选项A.conceptualB.considerateC.optimalD.component【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析。句意: 语言专家相信学一门外语最佳的年龄是6岁。conceptual概念上的。considerate体贴的；体谅的；考虑周到的 optimal最佳的；最理想的。component组成的，构成。2. 写作题In th
2、is part, you are required to write a passage in at least 200 words on the following topic. You should use an appropriate title for your passage.More and more students choose to go abroad for higher education. Do you think the benefits outweigh the problems associated with it?【答案】Go Abroad for Higher
3、 Education, A Double-edged Sword3. 单选题Fuel scarcities and price increases （ ）automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.问题1选项A.persuadedB.promptedC.imposedD.enlightened【答案】B【解析】动词辨析。句意: 燃油短缺和价格上涨 汽车设计者缩小大型汽车的研发，转而开发全新的小型汽车和卡车生产线
4、。persuade:说服，劝说。prompt:促进,促使。impose:强加, 征税,利用。enlighten:启发，启蒙，教导。因此B项符合句意。4. 单选题During the 19th century, Jews in most European countries achieved some equality of status with non-Jews, at times Jews were harassed by anti-Semitic groups.问题1选项A.annoyedB.opposedC.exploitedD.despised【答案】A【解析】动词辨析。句意: 在1
5、9世纪的时候，大多数欧洲国家的犹太人获得了与非犹太人的平等地位，但是有时他们还会受到反犹太人群体的讨厌。annoy:烦恼，惹恼。oppose:反对，反抗。exploit:开发，开拓。despise:轻视，蔑视。harass:困扰，烦恼。故选A。5. 单选题测试用试题，请勿组到其他试卷中，过会就会删掉111问题1选项A.2B.3C.4D.5E.6【答案】C【解析】第1题:测试解析6. 单选题It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizati
6、ons will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be （ ）as to their motive in making contact.问题1选项A.seen throughB.checked outC.touched onD.accounted to【答案】C【解析】短语辨析。句意: 这似乎是一条合理的经验法则，任何人们或机构的帮助都会标上名字或者地址，愿意被提及他们联系的动机。see through识破，看穿。check out 检验；结账离开；通过考核；盖章。touch on提及；谈及。account
7、on注册。7. 单选题The police have offered a large（ ） for information leading to the robbers arrest.问题1选项A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward【答案】D【解析】名词辨析。句意: 为抓捕逃犯提供信息，警方将 高额赏金。award 奖金，奖学金，通常与一 段时间的成绩和表现相关；compensation 补偿，赔偿，一般与损失相关； prize 奖赏，奖金，一般与竞赛或比赛相关；reward 报酬，奖赏，一般与 劳动、服务、支持和帮助相关。8. 单选题Is language,
8、 like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurse
9、s to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as tha
10、t ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly.If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquirin
11、g skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cas
12、es where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he kno
13、ws about 1, 000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is bom with the capacity to speak. What is special about mans brain, compared with that of the monkey, if the complex
14、system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern toy-bear”. And even more incredible is the young brains ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in
15、 new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child , where the mother recognizes the signals in the childs babbling （呼呀学语）, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the childs non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.1.The
