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1、Section Grammar 非限制性定语从句 语 境 自先观察原句1.Xie Lei ，who is 21 years old，has cometo our university to study for a business qualification.2.Living with host families ，in whichthere may be other college students，gives her the chance to learn more aboutthe new culture.3.She is halfway through the preparationy
2、ear，which most foreign studentscomplete before applying for a degreecourse.4.“ You have to get used to a whole new way of life ，which can take up all your concentration in the beginning，”explained Xie Lei，who had lived all herlife in the same city in China.语 法 精主 领 悟后自主感悟1.所有例句中的黑体部分都是非限制性定语从句，其标志为从
3、句与主句之间用逗号隔开。位置可以置于主句之中(如例句 1、2)，也可以置于主句之后 (如例句3、 4)。2.例句 1 中先行词为 Xie Lei ，指人，在从句中作主语，故用who 引导。3.例句 2 中先行词为 host families，指物，在从句中作介词 in 的宾语，故用 in which 引导。4.例句 3 中先行词为 the preparationyear，指物，在从句中作动词 complete 的宾语，故用 which 引导。5.例句 4 中 which 指代整个主句的内容；who 指代先行词 Xie Lei 。要 点 拨 一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从
4、句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用， 指特定的人或物， 从句仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，不可省略，否则原句句意不完整主句意思完整结构紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加用逗号与先行词或主句隔开要求逗号功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导所有的关系代词及副词关系代词或关系副词， 但是关系词代词 that 及关系副词 why 除外第 1页省略关系代 在限制性定 从句中作 非限制性定 从句的所有关系情况 可以省去 均不可省去 法翻 成先行 的定 ， “的”通常翻 成主句的并列句We visited the schoolwhere we studied two years ago(.限制性定 从句，起限定
5、作用 )我 参 了两年前在那儿上学的学校。The house，which we bought last month，lies in the centre of the city.那套房子位于市中心，是我 上个月 的。(非限制性定 从句，不表明有多少套房子 )The housewhich/that we bought last monthlies in the centre of the city.我 上个月 的那套房子位于市中心。(限制性定 从句，暗含“可能有若干套房子”之意 ) 即 1用适当的关系 填空 His mother， who loves him very much， is stri
6、ct with him. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，which ，of course，madethe others unhappy.二、使用非限制性定 从句 注意的 1非限制性定 从句不用that 引 。I am fond of the novel，which you bought for me.我喜 那本小 ，就是你 我 的那本。2非限制性定 从句不能用why 引 ，要用 for which 代替 why 。I have told him the reason，for which I missed t
7、he early bus.我没能赶上早班 ，我已 告 了他原因。3非限制性定 从句的先行 可以是整个主句的内容， 从句 要用第三人称 数。He is shallow，which is known to us all in our company.(先行 主句的内容 )他很肤浅，我 公司的人都知道。 即 2用适当的关系 填空 Wang Fang passed her exam，which surprised me a great deal. The reason， for which he was absent from the meeting，wasn t given.三、 as，which
8、引 非限制性定 从句 的区 关系 aswhich指代指代整个主句所表达的内容既可指代整个主句所表达的内容，第 2页又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引 的从句不能位于主句之前常用来表示 人 于某事的一般表示某事的状况或 果， 含有意 度、解 或 等，含有“正“ ，那”的意思如”的意思As we know，light travels faster than sound. Light， as we know，travels faster than sound. Light travels faster than sound，as we know.正如我 所知，光的 播速度比声音的
9、播速度快。Smoking is harmful to one s health，as is known to all.吸烟有害健康， 一点是众所周知的。My parents often treat me as a baby，which I can t bear.父母常常把我当小孩看待， 是我 以忍受的。 名 点津 as 常用在一些固定 构中。as is said above 如上所述as is known to all 众所周知as has been said before如前所 as is often the case情况常常如此as has been pointed out正如已 指出的那
10、 as often happens这种情况常常 生as is already mentioned above就跟上 所提到的那 as you can see就跟你看到的那 即 3用适当的关系 填空 There is no simple answer， as is often the case in science. Until now ，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，which is quite unexpected.四、 “介 关系代 ” 引 的非限制性定 从句 构中，关系代 指人 用 whom，指物 用 which，不
11、可以用 that；关系代 在从句中作定 用 whose。from where 也可以引 定 从句。第 3页He came to a farm，on which he finally settled.他来到一个农场，最终在那里定居。He has two sons，both of whom are doctors.他有两个儿子，都是医生。The family ，at whose houseI stayed， are friends of my father s.那家人是我父亲的朋友，我在他们家住过。We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can
12、see the whole town.我们站在山顶上，从那里可以看到整个城镇。 名师点津 介词的选择(1)根据与从句中的动词、形容词或名词所构成的固定短语来确定。(2)根据与先行词的搭配来确定。(3)根据整个句意来确定。 即时训练 4用适当的关系词填空 With the fast development of agriculture，the people，in whose village she taught 10 years ago， have lived a happy life. The police arrived，after which the situation became ca
13、lmer. Soon after getting off his horse， the captain appeared at the second storeywindows，from where he could see nothing but trees. 语 法 应 用 落 实 .单句语法填空1As is known to everybody，the moon is smaller than the earth.2I didn t become a serious climber until the fifth grade，when I went up to rescue a kite
14、 that was stuck in the branches of a tree.3He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother， whom he loved and respected as his own mother.4He has passed the college entrance examination，which makes his parents quitehappy.5The glasses， without which he was like a blind man，were broken.6Mo Yan，most of whose nove
