名师精编 欢迎下载Module 1 Unit 1 Grammar Direct Speech and Indirect SpeechLearning aim:理解和熟记引语转换的语序，连词，人称，时态和状语等变化的规 律，并认真练习一.直接引语与间接引语概述引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”直接引用别人的原话，一般放在引号内，称作 直接引语(Direct Speech)；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号，称作 间接引语(IndirectSpeech)间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句二.直接引语与间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，状语等都会发生变化 对应变化规则直接引语间接引语人称Iwehe, she, it, theyhe(she)theyhe, she, it, they时态一般现在时 现在完成时 一般过去时 现在进行时 一般将来时 过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时或一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时(不变)指示代词this thesethat those时间状语nowtoday toni ght yesterday tomorrow last month (week) n ext mon th(week) the day before yesterdaythe nthat daythat ni ghtthe day beforethe n ext(follow ing) day the mon th (week) before the n ext month (week) two days before地点状语herethere动词come bringgo take1.直接引语为陈述句直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，由从属连词 that引导，that在口语中可省略。
弓I述动词常用 say, tell等,语序不变基本结构：sb. + say/tell + (that) + 宾语从句① “am going to hide from the Germa ns , "said Anne.Anne said (that) she was going to hide from the Germa ns.② Til let you know as soon as I_get the tickets, " he told me.He told me that he would let me know as soon as he_ got the tickets.③ John said, [like reading adventure stories."John said that he liked reading adventure stories.2. 直接引语为一般疑问句若直接引语是一般疑问句， 变为间接引语时，谓语动词是 say或said时，要改为ask或asked,并在动词后加上 if或whether.疑问语序要变为陈述语序基本结构是：sb. + ask/asked + sb. + whether/if + 宾语从句(陈述语序)① He said to me, “ Have you done your homework?"He asked me if/whether I had done my homework.注意：如果原问句中没有简接宾语的，可以根据情况加上。
例如② He said, Are you interested in English?"He asked (me) if I was interested in English.3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句若直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍保 基本结构：sb.+ ask + sb. +疑问词(when/who/what…)+句子(陈述语序)① What do you want, Sarah?" Mr. Li asked.Mr. Li asked Sarah what she wan ted.② When do you get up?" he asked me.He asked me when I gol_up.4. 直接引语为祈使句直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，引述动词常为 ask, tell, order等，间接引语一般用“名/代词+不定式”结构基本结构： sb. + tell/order/ask/.. + sb. + (not) to do① “Don' t play the street,_”ur teacher said.Our teacher told us. not to play in the street.(要在不定式 to 前力口 not)② Come to see me tomorrow, "said my teacher.My teacher told me to come to see her the next day.三.直接引语变间接引语的特殊情况1. 主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时态不变 。
He says, “am very happy.” t He says that he js very happy.2. 如果直接引语中有确定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态不变He said, The story took place in the 1930s ”t He said that the story took place in the 1930s.3. 有时就在原来的地方，或就在说话的当天转述，就不必改变指示代词，时间状语，地点 状语等She said, It will snow here tomorrow. ”t She said that it will snow here tomorrow.4. 直接引语中含有某些情态动词时，间接引语可用原来形式，也可用其他情态动词表示， 但要保持原来的意义He said, You must be very fond of art. ” t He said that I must be very fond of art.四巩固练习I .把下列含有直接引语的句子改成间接引语1. A: He asked me, Will you go to the park this evening. ”B: He asked me I go to the park evening.2. A: She said to me, Is there any water there?”B. She me there was any water.3. A. She said My brother left home three years ago. ”B. She said brother home three years .4. A. His parents said to him, You must be in by ten tonight. ”B. His pare nts him that he be in by ten 5. A. He warned me you had better not say anything about this. ”B. He warned me that I not say anything about .n单选。
1. I asked them they got married.A. who B. that C. which D. whe n2. She asked me I would like to go to see a film with her.A. that B. if C. what D. which3. What did she think of the film ? She said she .A. had n ever see n a better one B. had n ever see n so better oneC. has n ever see n a so good one D. has n ever see n such a good one4. Jack said to meet the America n frien ds.A. which he pleased B. how he is pleasedC. that he was pleased D. what he was pleased5. Tina told me that she had visited the park , so she didn 'want to go with us.A. last week B. a week ago C. two weeks before D. before two weeks6. Would you like to tell me the key to her bicycle?A. where Seli na had put B. where had Seli na putC. where has Seli na put D. where Seli na has put7. Joe asked me a Grade One stude nt or a Grade Two stude nt.A. am I B. whether I was C. was I D. whether was I8. My father asked me for my aim, Harvard or Cambridge.A. where I would choose B. which school I would chooseC. what would I choose D. what I would choose9. Can you tell me the bus statio n ?A. how I can get to B. how can I get toC. where I can get to D. where can I get to10. The teacher said that .A. practice made perfect B. practice would made perfectC. practice makes perfect D. practice will make perfect。