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1、 英语单词发音规律总汇高考考点高考的语音题考什么?我们先研究一下2006年陕西省的高考题吧。从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. honest A. husband B. habit C. hour D. host 2. occur A. position B. possible C. offer D. ocean 3. enough A. shout B. touch C. soul D. mouth 4. wear A. cheer B. require C. near D. share 5. watched A. re
2、fused B. wanted C. worked D. judged 第一题考的是辅音字母的发音;第二题考的是元音字母的发音;第三题考的是元音字母组合的发音;第四题考的是r音节的发音;第五题考的是动词过去式-ed的发音。一句话高考中的语音题考的是英语字母或字母组合在单词中的发音规律。发音规律既然高考考的是英语字母或字母组合在英语单词中的发音规律,那末我们就应该总结这些规律、掌握这些规律。 下面我们从五个方面来研究这个问题。 一、辅音字母的发音规律1.字母 b一般读/b/,如:bike,bus, bag, boot, 但在climb,comb,tomb,debt,doubt中位于m后或t前,这
3、时b不发音。如果不在同一个音节里,不受影响。如:December, November。试读下列单词:big, bed, break, bomb, tomb, lamb 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) web A. doubt B. bomb C. tomb D. lab(2) debt A. blood B. break C. lamb D. December2. 字母c 在胖元音(a, o, u)和辅音字母之前读/k/, 在瘦元音(e, i/y)之前读/s/, 在ia之前读/,例如:special, social。例如:cap, cold
4、, cut, picture, centre, city, cycle试读下列单词:cat, clinic, clothes, cute, circle, cemetery, cent从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) century A. escape B. curious C. electronic D. fancy(2) clap A. Atlantic B. recent C. circle D. acid3.字母d或-ed在清辅音之后读/t/, 在浊辅音和元音之后读/d/,在t和d之后读/id/。例如:move-moved, work
5、-worked, want-wanted, guide-guided, offer-offered,试读下列单词:live-lived, reach-reached, smile-smiled, wish-wished, improve-improved, destroy-destroyed 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) laughed A. received B. smoothed C. watched D. weighed(2) operated A. discovered B. pulled C. stopped D. includ
6、ed4. 字母g在胖元音(a, o, u)和辅音字母之前通常读/ g /,在瘦元音(e, i/y)之前读/d/。例如:game, got, gun, gesture, giant, gym,。(get, give, gift, forget, begin, forgive, gear, girl, anger, hunger等词例外)。试读下列单词:gather, general, gem, god, gymnast从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) change A. apologize B. angry C. gulf D. drug (2
7、) hungry A. engine B. dialogue C. energy D. gene5.字母n通常读/n/,例如: moon,night,noodle,number; 词尾是mn时,n一般不发音,例如:autumn,column;字母n在/k/、/ g / 音前或ng组合中读/ /,例如:thank,language,bank,anxious。 试读下列单词:fine, cent, uncle,hungry, young, sing从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) shine A. mine B. think C. ink D.
8、morning(2) wrong A. hunt B. tank C. sign D. mountain6.字母s 在音节开头或清辅音前读/s/, 在元音字母间或浊辅音前读/z/,例如:sit, sleep, desk, music, husband; 在名词变复数或动词变为单数第三人称形式时,位于清辅音之后读/s/, 例如:book-books, work-works; 位于浊辅音和元音之后读/z/, 例如:radio-radios, apple-apples; 如果这个名词或动词的结尾读音为/s/或/z/, 加-s后应读/iz/, 例如:place-places, house-houses
9、; 在以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加-es, 读/iz/, 例如:class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes。字母s在ia, u之前读/, 或/,例如:social, special, sure, treasure 试读下列单词:busy, news, grows, likes, fast, teaches, Russia, Asian从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) flowers A. measure B. television C. refuse D. salt(2
10、) sail A. present B. scissors C. roast D. confuse二、辅音字母组合的发音规律7. 字母组合ch一般读/ t/,例如:China, chip, child, chair, teach bench, catch, watch, 但在源出希腊语的单词ache,character,chemical,chemist,chemistry,school,stomach,technical,technique,technology中,ch发/k/。而在 moustache, machine, Chicago中的ch读/。试读下列单词:cheese, chat,
11、chick, church, headache, schedule从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) chocolate A. machine B. check C. technique D. chemistry (2) character A. cheat B. stomach C. moustache D. cheer8. 字母组合ck在所有单词中读/k/,不论是在词首还是词尾。例如: snack, pack, knock, jacket, back, sick, luck, suck 等。从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单
12、词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) truck A. cheque B. certainly C. celebrate D. chess(2) technology A. chief B. brick C. civil D.cyclist9. 字母组合sh在所有单词中读/。例如:sheep, ship, shape, shake, shave, shut, shoulder, shoe 等。从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) brush A. society B. measure C. sure D. treasure(2) socialist
13、 A. shine B.source C. success D. scientist10. 字母组合wh在大多数情况下发/w/音,字母h不发音。只有后接o时,字母w不发音,字母h发/h/音。例如:who whom whose whole试读下列单词:why, which, while, wholly 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。(1) whether A. whaler B. whoever C. whole D.whose(2) wholesale A. white B. wheel C. whom D. whisky11. th-有清与浊
14、两种读音: (1) th位于词首时,可以从词性上判别其应有的读音。在名词、动词、形容词和数词中th发清辅音。如:thing, theatre, thunder, thermos, Thursday, theory, theme, throat, thread, think, thank, thrive, thicken, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand, thick, thirsty, thoughtful,thorough 在代词和一些功能词中th发浊辅音.如: them, their, theirs,there, the, than, then, tho
15、ugh, thus, therefore,they。只有介词through是个例外。(2) th位于词尾(或音节之尾)时,其读音多数是清辅音,如:bath, breath, tooth, 等。只有在少数单词中,如:with, smooth 中读浊音。 (3) th在词中并且后面接er时,或者最后一个字母是不发音的e时,通常也发浊辅音。例如:feather, weather, whether, leather, further, father, bathe, breathe, southern, northern, either等。在其他情况下发清辅音。例如:author, faithful, method, nothing, anything, healthy, wealthy。试读下列单词: mother, fath