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1、2022-2023年考博英语-南开大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Nobody knows what triggered the event, which （ ） a million cubic meters of water per second, obliterating the barrier between Britain and France.问题1选项A.relievedB.releasedC.restoredD.retained【答案】B【解析】形近词词义辨析。relieve“解除, 减轻”;release“释放, 发射”;restore“恢复, 修复”;retain“保
2、持, 记住”。句意:谁也不知道是什么引发了这次事件, 它每秒释放一百万立方米的水, 冲毁了英法之间的屏障。选项B符合此处语境。2. 单选题The company will （ ） to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.问题1选项A.retainB.alterC.adhereD.abandon【答案】C【解析】动词搭配。retain”保持, 记住”;alter“改变, 更改”;adhere“坚持, 追随”, 一般与to连用;abandon“抛弃, 遗弃”。句意:无论过程中会付出多大的代价, 这家公司都将坚持其协议。选项
3、C符合句意。3. 单选题Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to （ ） myself of every chance to improve my English.问题1选项A.assureB.informC.availD.notify【答案】C【解析】副词词义辨析。根据句意：我尊敬的导师White教授经常提醒我要利用一切机会提高我的英语水平。选项C最为恰当，表示有益于，有助于。4. 单选题The doctors are very much worried about the（ ） of the patients con
4、dition after operation.问题1选项A.dispositionB.deliberationC.deteriorationD.diversion【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。disposition“处置, 性情”;deliberation“审议, 考虑”;deterioration“恶化, 退化”;diversion“消遣, 转移注意力”。句意:医生非常担心病人手术后情况会恶化。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题As regards to the development of moral standards in the growing child, （ ） is very im
5、portant in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.问题1选项A.persistenceB.regularityC.consistencyD.conformity【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。persistence持续，固执；regularity规则性，整齐；consistency一致性；conformity一致，符合。句意：关于成长中的孩子道德标准的发展，一致性在父母的教学中是非常重要的。今天禁止一件事，明天又原谅它，这不是道
6、德的基础。强调一致的性质，所以选项C更恰当6. 单选题The torch was （ ） by a famous athlete at the opening of the sports meeting.问题1选项A.deceivedB.ignitedC.implementedD.designated【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。deceive“欺骗, 行骗”;ignite“点燃, 使燃烧”;implement“实施, 执行”;designate“指定, 指派”。句意:在运动会开幕式上火炬由一名著名的运动员点燃。选项B符合句意。7. 单选题You have lived in many for
7、eign countries so Id expect you to have some sort of （ ） people who have just arrived here.问题1选项A.love forB.concern forC.sympathy forD.empathy for【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。句意:你在很多国家居住过，所以我想你应该和刚到这里的人会有一些共鸣。只有选项D符合语境。8. 单选题It goes without saying that people who refuse to （ ） with the law will be punished.问题1选项
8、A.complyB.concealC.consentD.abide【答案】A【解析】动词搭配。comply with“遵守, 顺从”;conceal“隐藏, 隐瞒”;consent“同意, 赞成”;abide“持续, 忍受”。句意:不用说, 拒绝遵守法律的人都将受到惩罚。选项A符合句意。9. 单选题After four years in the same job his enthusiasms finally （ ） .问题1选项A.dispersedB.deterioratedC.dissipatedD.drained【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：干了四年同样的工作后,他的热情终于消
9、耗殆尽了。dispersed分散的；deteriorated恶化,变质；dissipated消散,浪费；drained流干,耗尽。dissipate相当于waste，drain相当于use too much，所以选项D更恰当。10. 写作题Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Your composition should be n
10、o less than 200 words.【答案】Why People Are Attracted to Dangerous Sports?11. 单选题Researchers have found that migrating animals use a variety of inner compasses to help them navigate. Some direct themselves by the position of the sun. Others navigate by the stars. Some use the sun as their guide during
11、the day, and then switch tn star navigation by night. One study shows that the homing pigeon uses the Earths magnetic fields as a guide in finding its way home, and there are indications that various other animals, from insects to mollusks, can also make use of magnetic compasses. It is of course ve
12、ry useful for a migrating bird to be able to switch to a magnetic compass when clouds cover the sun; otherwise it would just have to land and wait for the sun to come out again.Even with the sun or stars to guide by, the problems of navigation are more complicated than they might seem at first. For
13、example, a worker honeybee that has found a rich source of nectar and pollen flies rapidly home to report. A scientist has discovered that the bee sent out to look for food delivers her report through a complicated dance to the other workers not only how far away the food is, but also what direction
14、 to fly in relation to the sun. But the sun does not stay in one place all day. As the workers start out to gather the toed, the sun may already have changed its position in the sky somewhat. In later trips during the day, the sun will seem to move farther and farther toward the west. Yet the worker
15、 bee seem to have no trouble at all in finding the food source. Their inner clocks tell them just where the sun will be, and they change their course correspondingly.1.The author mentions all the following natural phenomena that help animals navigate EXCEPT （）.2.What makes it necessary for a bird to rely on a ma
