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1、2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题I havent read that book, but just from looking over the （ ） , I think it would be worth reading.问题1选项A.forefrontB.forewordC.foreheadD.forename【答案】B【解析】forefront最前线,最前部;foreword序,前言; forehead前额,额头; forename在姓前面的名。句意：我没有读过那本书, 但是仅仅只看了前言我就觉得这本书值得一看。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题S
2、he criticized my writing but in a way that was very（ ） . I learned a lot from her.问题1选项A.autonomousB.constructiveC.fundamentalD.elementary【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。autonomous 自治的;constructive 有益的, 建没性的;fundamental基本的, 必要的; elementary基本的, 初级的。句意：她批评了我的写作，但批评的方式很有建设性。我从她身上学到了很多。 选项B符合句意。3. 单选题With a candle in h
3、and, he carefully （ ） the flight of narrow stairs to his bedroom.问题1选项A.assertedB.ascertainedC.assembledD.ascended【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。assert断言，坚持，维护；ascertain查明，确定；assemble聚集，集合；ascend攀登，上升。句意：他手里拿着蜡烛，小心翼翼地登上狭窄的楼梯，来到自己的卧室。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题When people arc struck by lightening, they fall to the ground as thou
4、gh they were struck by a severe blow to the heaD.After the shock they may remain unconscious, become semiconscious or be conscious but confused and dazed, at least for a time. Flashes of light may continue passing before their eyes, and blindness and deafness may follow. The nervous system may be ba
5、dly affected, causing paralysis, pain in the limbs and even hemorrhage. There will be bums where the lightening passed through the body, and like all electrical bums, they are often deep and severe.All persons, especially campers and hunters, should know how to give first aid to someone who has been
6、 struck by lightening. Do not be afraid to touch the victim. You wont get a shock. The lightening has already been groundeD.Remember that speed is of the greatest importance in severe cases.The first thing to do is to loosen tight clothing about the throat and waist. Then clear the air passages of m
7、ucus (黏液)if present, and apply artificial respiration if necessary. Give mouth-mouth resuscitation if needed, or give oxygen if available. Many victims thought Io be dead have been revived after treatment.Send someone for a doctor as soon as possible, but dont leave the victim alone. If a doctor is
8、not available, take the person to a hospital as soon as the person can be safely moved.Signs of shock are: pale, cold, sticky skin; weak, rapid pulse; shallow, irregular breathing or, in extreme cases, no breathing at all. To treat shock, you must keep the patient lying down with the head lower than
9、 the feet and cover him or her with a blanket but watch out for overheating. Giving a stimulating hot tea or coffee will help, but only if the patient is thoroughly conscious.After breathing has been restored and shock is treated, treat the bums. Apply some salve and cover them with a clean cloth or
10、 a sterile dressing. If conscious, the patient will be badly frightened, so do all you can to reassure. A little knowledge and a helping hand may save someones life.1.The passage mainly talks about （ ） .2.According lo the passage, all the following are signs of shock except （ ） .3.It can be guessed
11、from the passage that （ ） .4.The word salve in line 2 of the last paragraph most likely means （ ） .5.Which of the following must not be done while treating shock?问题1选项A.which metals conduct electricity bestB.where to go in a thunderstormC.how to treat someone struck by lighteningD.how to make mouth-
12、to-mouth resuscitation问题2选项A.abnormal feverB.cold skinC.irregular breathingD.rapid pulse问题3选项A.many campers and hunters are struck by lighteningB.cars are convenient for outdoor activitiesC.electric shock does little harm to the human bodyD.only professional nurses and doctors are allowed to give fi
13、rst aid问题4选项A.spongeB.bandageC.ointmentD.liquid问题5选项A.Giving the patient a cup of hot tea.B.Making the patient lie with the feet lower than the head.C.Covering the bums with a sterile dressing.D.Applying artificial respiration【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.结合全文内容可知，本文主要是讲述如何治疗被闪电击中的人。2.根据第五段的第一句
14、“Signs of shock are: pale, cold, sticky skin; weak, rapid pulse; shallow, irregular breathing or, in extreme cases, no breathing at all.”可知，只有选项A不属于休克的症状，所以本题选A。3.根据第二段的第一句“All persons, especially campers and hunters, should know how to give first aid to someone who has been struck by lightening.”所有
15、人，尤其是露营者和猎人，都应该知道如何对被闪电击中的人进行急救。由此可推断，露营者和猎人最容易遇到被闪电击中的情况，所以选项A正确。4.根据常识，被雷电击中后会被烧伤，烧伤之后当然要涂抹一些药膏，所以这里的“salve”指药膏，只有选项C与之意思相近。5.根据原文可知，选项B对应文中的“you must keep the patient lying down with the head lower than the feet”，但与原文表述相反，因此选择B选项。5. 单选题Over-cultivation and a long period of erosion has reduced the（ ） of much of the countrys farm land.问题1选项A.sufficiencyB.fertilityC.prosperityD.mobility【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。suffic
