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1、2022年考博英语-华南师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been（ ）filled in.问题1选项A.consequentlyB.regularC.comprehensivelyD.properly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A: consequently “因此”；B: regular “常规的”；C: comprehensively “包括地”；D: properly “恰当地；合适地”。句意：我们把表格交给那人，那人指出表格填
2、得不合适。因此D符合题意。2. 单选题It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it（ ）six hours.问题1选项A.endedB.finishedC.wasD.lasted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我们做过的最大的实验。此实验持续6小时。结合此处语境，D为正确答案。3. 单选题For centuries animals have been used as（ ）for people in experiments to assess the effects of therapeutic and other agent
3、s that might later be used in humans.问题1选项A.benefactorsB.companionsC.precedentD.surrogates【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A: benefactor“捐助者”；B: companion“同伴”；C: precedent “先例”；D: surrogate“代理；代用品，代替”。 句意：几个世纪以来，动物在实验中被用作人类的替代品，用来评价那些以后会用在人类身上的医疗制剂和其他制剂的效果。根据语境和句意可知D为正确答案。4. 单选题A new passenger liner is（ ）after thr
4、ough many hardships.问题1选项A.initiatedB.commencedC.launchedD.classified【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: initiated “开始；传授” ；B: commenced“开始；着手”；C: launched “发射；开展；使（船，尤指新船）下水”；D: classified “分类”。句意：一艘新的客运班轮经过许多艰难困苦之后下水。根据“passenger liner客轮”这一关键词可知C为正确答案。5. 单选题By evacuating the inhabitants in the densely populated
5、areas of the city and establishing temporary shelters, the city（ ）itself for a possible new quake.问题1选项A.boltedB.bracedC.reinforcedD.strapped【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: bolt “筛选；拴上；脱口而出”；B: brace“支撑；预备；准备”；C: reinforce“加固；强化；增援”；D: strap“用带捆扎；用皮带抽打”。 句意：通过疏散该城市人口密集区域的居民，建立临时庇护所，全城做了可能再发生一场地震的防备。根据语境和句意可知B为
6、正确答案。6. 翻译题Translate the following passage into Chinese.The reward of foresight for this nation is great and easily foretolD.But there must be the look ahead, there must be a realization of the fact that to waste, to destroy, our natural resources, to skin and exhaust the land instead of using it so
7、 as to increase its usefulness, will result in undermining in the days of our children the very prosperity which we ought by right to hand down to them amplified and developed.Optimism is a good characteristic, but if carried to an excess it becomes foolishness. We are prone to speak of the resource
8、s of this country as inexhaustible; this is not so. The mineral wealth of the country, the coal, iron, oil, gas, and the like, does not reproduce itself and therefore is certain to be exhausted ultimately; and wastefulness in dealing with it today means that our descendants will feel the exhaustion
9、a generation or two before they otherwise would.【答案】对这个国家来说，远见的回报是巨大的而且很容易预测。但是，我们必须向前看，而且必须认识到一个事实：如果浪费、破坏我们的自然资源，挖掘和消耗我们的土地，而不是增加土地的利用率，那么，这将破坏我们理应传给后代的成熟且发展的繁荣。乐观主义是一个好的性格特征，但是如果过于乐观就是愚蠢。我们喜欢说我国的资源取之不尽、用之不竭，但是情况并非如此。国家的矿藏如煤、铁、石油、天然气等都不能再生，因此终将枯竭。现在浪费将意味着我们的后代比正常情况提前一或二代就感到资源的枯竭。7. 单选题Under the pr
10、esent system, state enterprises must（ ）all profits to the government.问题1选项A.turn downB.turn toC.turn outD.turn in【答案】D【解析】考查词组。A: turn down “减少；关小” ；B: turn to“求助于”；C: turn out “结果是；关掉”；D: turn in “上交；归还”。句意：在现行制度下，国有企业必须向政府上交全部利润。根据语境可知D为正确答案。8. 翻译题人类文明任何形式的人类文明，都可以说是一种大的信息系统。第一个阶段是语言，有了语言才能共同占有经验，
11、才能集体记忆，才能集体积累知识。然后便是记写，记写提供了一种不太容易消失的、更容易传递的记忆形式。之后便出现了印刷，从而使信息传播大大增加。现代电子学正在为我们提供崭新而功能更强的方法，来收集、加工、处理和传递。正是这种发展的一个非凡特征，才使得能力的巨大提高却没有给能源或稀少的材料造成负担。相反，设备变得越来越小，甚至在同样的工作性能情况下，价格越来越便宜。只需要看袖珍计算器，微型计算机，电子表和电子游戏机，便可知道确实是如此。【答案】It can be said that any form of human civilization is a large information syste
12、m. The first stage is language. Only with language can we share experience and have collective memory as well as accumulate knowledge collectively. The second step is to write down. Writing has offered a form of memory that is less likely to disappear and more easily transmitted. Then printing great
13、ly has increased the dissemination of information.Modern electronics is providing us with new and more powerful ways to collect, process, process and deliver. It is a remarkable feature of this development that greatly increases ability without posing burden on energy or scarce materials. Rather, de
14、vices are getting smaller and even cheaper under the same performance conditions, which is proved by pocket calculator, microcomputer, electronic watch and electronic game machine.9. 单选题The radio program was presented（ ）a joint venture which was registered several months ago.问题1选项A.by courtesy ofB.o
15、n account ofC.by virtue ofD.in terms of【答案】A【解析】考查词组。A: by courtesy of “蒙的好意；蒙提供”；B: on account of “由于；基于”；C: by virtue of “凭借的力量”；D: in terms of “根据；用的话；就而言”。句意：承蒙数月前注册的合资企业惠允，电台节目播出了。根据语境和句意可知A为正确答案。10. 单选题Millions have been made by states, organizations, corporations and individuals（ ）gambling activities, and new millionaires are constantly being created.问题1选项A.sponsoringB.promotingC.guaranteeingD.founding【答案】A
