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1、2022年考博英语-中国矿业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题We have just located a（ ）avenue for the sale of your goods.问题1选项A.prospectiveB.perspectiveC.respectiveD.protective【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的；可能的；潜在的”；B选项perspective“透视的”；C选项respective“分别的，各自的”；D选项protective“防护的；关切保护的；保护贸易的”。句意：我们刚刚为销售你方货物找到了一条的路。联系句
2、意及选项可知，此处应表示“找到了一条可能的销售渠道”。因此A选项正确。2. 单选题We had thought the exam would be difficult, but it（ ）easy.问题1选项A.turnedB.cameC.appearedD.proved【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项turn“转弯；转变”；B选项come“做；假装；来”；C选项appear“出现；显得”；D选项prove“证明；结果表明”。句意：我们原以为考试会很难，但它很容易。appear后接形容词表示“结果表明”时应用“appear to be”结构。只有prove后面接形容词有此用法且符合语境。
3、因此D选项正确。3. 单选题Low-level slash-and-burn farming doesnt harm rain-forest. On the contrary, it helps farmers and improves forest soils. This is the unorthodox view of a German soil scientist who has shown that burnt clearings in the Amazon, dating back more than 1,000 years, helped create patches of ri
4、ch, fertile soil that farmers still benefit from today.Most rain-forest soils are thin and poor because they lack minerals and because the heat and heavy rainfall destroy most organic matter in the soils within four years of it reaching the forest floor. This means topsoil contains few of the ingred
5、ients needed for long-term successful fanning.But Bruno Glaser, a soil scientist of the University of Bayreuth, has studied unexpected patches of fertile soils in the central Amazon. These soils contain lots of organic matter. Glaser has shown that most of this fertile organic matter comes from blac
6、k carbon the organic particles from camp fires and charred （烧成炭的）wood left over from thousands of years of slash-and-burn fanning. “The soils, known as Terra Preta, contained up to 70 times more black carbon than the surrounding soil，” says Glaser. Unbumt vegetation rots quickly, but black carbon pe
7、rsists in the soil for many centuries. Radiocarbon dating shows that the charred wood in Terra Preta soils is typically more than 1,000 years old.“Slash-and-burn farming can be good for soils provided it doesnt completely burn all the vegetation, and leaves behind charred wood,” says Glaser. “It can
8、 be better than manure （粪肥）Burning the forest just once can leave behind enough black carbon to keep the soil fertile for thousands of years. And rain-forests easily regrow after small-scale clearing. Contrary to the conventional view that human activities damage the environment, Glaser says: “Black
9、 carbon combined with human wastes is responsible for the richness of Terra Preta soils.”Terra Preta soils turn up in large patches all over the Amazon, where they are highly prized by fanners. All the patches fall within 500 square kilometers in the central Amazon. Glaser says the widespread presen
10、ce of pottery confirms the soils human origins. The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for “virgin” forest. During the past decade, researchers
11、have discovered hundreds of large earth works deep in the jungle. They are up to 20 meters high and cover up to a square kilometer. Glaser claims that these earth works, built between AD 400 and 1400, were at the heart of urban civilizations. Now it seems the richness of the Terra Preta soils may ex
12、plain how such civilizations managed to feed themselves.1.We learn from the passage that the traditional view of slash-and-burn farming is that（ ）.2.Most rain-forest soils are thin and poor because（ ）.3.Glaser made his discovery by（ ）.4.What does Glaser say about the regrowth of rain-forests?5.From
13、the passage it can be inferred that（ ）.问题1选项A.it does no harm to the topsoil of the rain-forestB.it destroys rain forest soilsC.it helps improve rain-forest soilsD.it diminishes the organic matter in rain-forest soils问题2选项A.the composition of the topsoil is rather unstableB.black carbon is washed aw
14、ay by heavy rainsC.organic matter is quickly lost due to heat and rainD.long-term farming has exhausted the ingredients essential to plant growth问题3选项A.studying patches of fertile soils in the central AmazonB.examining pottery left over by ancient civilizationsC.test-burning patches of trees in the
15、central AmazonD.radiocarbon-dating ingredients contained in forest soils问题4选项A.They take centuries to regrow after being burnt.B.They cannot recover unless the vegetation is burnt completely.C.Their regrowth will be hampered by human habitation.D.They can recover easily after slash-and-burn farming.问题5选项A.human activities will do grave damage to rain-forestsB.Amazon rain-forest soils used to be the richest in the worldC.farming is responsible for the destruction of the Amazon rain-forestsD.there once existed an urban civilization in
