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1、2022年考博英语-中国社会科学院考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题AAt its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things are done around here”. It guides Bwhat employees think, act, and feel. It is a wide term Cused to define the unique personality or character of a
2、 particular company or organization, Dand includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior.问题1选项A.At its most basicB.whatC.used to defineD.and includes【答案】B【解析】考查关系词。B选项后面的句子主语是employees，谓语think，act，feel都是不及物动词，不能接宾语，因此应将what改为how。2. 单选题If early humans （ ）as
3、 much as they did, they probably （ ）to evolve into different species.问题1选项A.did not move and intermingle. would continueB.would not move and intermingle. had continuedC.had not moved and intermingled. would have continuedD.were not to move and intermingle. could have continued【答案】C【解析】由题干句末“进化成不同物种可
4、知”，本题考查虚拟条件句。题干中的主语是early humans“早期的人类”，说明这是对过去事实的虚拟。因此只有C选项符合题意。3. 单选题The British public was slowly eased into the knowledge that what had been seen as a fairytale marriage has been Adeeply miserable. A separation was announced in 1992. On that television program in 1995 Diana hinted that the Bprin
5、cess might never become king. As for herself she would like to be C“king of peoples hearts”. The put-upon real queen had Dhad enough.问题1选项A.deeplyB.princessC.“king of peoples hearts”D.had【答案】B【解析】考查混用词语。B选项处指的是Prince Charles，应把princess改为prince。4. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into good Englis
6、h.1.两千余年来，丝绸之路作为中西交通的大动脉承载着中国与世界的交往、对话，彰显着古代中国开放的文化品格、不朽的文明成果。今天，“丝绸之路” 一词早已超越其历史含义，成为一种精神象征，为当今世界的和平与发展提供了价值典范。2.谈到美国文学时，不能断言它与欧洲文学截然不同。广义上说，美国和欧洲齐头并进。在任何时间，旅行者都会在两地发现同样风格的建筑、相同式样的服装，书店出售相同的书籍。思想如同人和商品一样会自由自在地跨越大西洋，尽管有时速度慢些。3.当人类逐渐了解自然，开始向自然索取并慢慢发展到企图征服自然，并愈演愈烈时，自然的和谐与平衡便遭到毁坏。荒漠化的地区出现了，灾难性的洪水来临了，连空
7、气和水质也常受到污染，人类赖以生存的环境基础受到了破坏。【答案】1.The Silk Road, as the traffic artery connecting China and the West, has borne the weight of dialogue and communication between China and the world, and has also demonstrated an open cultural character of ancient China and immortal civilization for over two thousand
8、years. Nowadays the word of the “Silk Road” has already exceeded its historical meaning, and become a spiritual symbol, providing a model of value for the peace and development of the present world.2.To speak of American literature we cant assert that it is entirely different from European literatur
9、e. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have advanced side by side. At any time, the traveler could find the same styles in architecture, the same patterns in dress, the same books on the bookshops in two different places. Thoughts can span the Atlantic Ocean as freely as men and commodities, althou
10、gh sometimes the speed is slow.3.Human beings began to ask for something from nature and even tried to conquer it as they knew more and more about it. As the situation intensified, the harmony and equilibrium of nature were rudely demolished. There have been desertified zone and catastrophic flood.
11、Even air and water were often polluted. The environment which we depend on for a living was deteriorated.5. 单选题If, besides the accomplishments of being witty and ill-natured, a man is vicious into the bargain, he is one of the most mischievous creatures that can enter into a civil society. His satir
12、e will then chiefly fall upon those who ought to be the most exempt from it. Virtue, merit, and everything that is praiseworthy, will be made the subject of ridicule and buffoonery. It is impossible to enumerate the evils which arise from these arrows that fly in the dark; and I know no other excuse
13、 that is or can be made for them, than that the wounds they give are only imaginary, and produce nothing more than a secret shame or sorrow in the mind of the suffering person. It must indeed be confessed that a lampoon or a satire do not carry in them robbery or murder; but at the same time, how ma
14、ny are there that would not rather lose a considerable sum of money, or even life itself, than be set up as a mark of infamy and derision? And in this case a man should consider that an injury is not to be measured by the notions of him that gives, but of him that receives it. Those who can put the
15、best countenance upon the outrages of this nature which offered them, are not without their secret anguish. I have often observed a passage in Socratesbehavior at his death in a light wherein none of the critics have considered it. That excellent man entertaining his friends a little before he drank
16、 the bowl of poison, with a discourse on the immortality of the soul, at his entering upon it says that he does not believe any the most comic genius can censure him for talking upon such a subject at such a time. This passage, I think, evidently glances upon Aristophanes, who wrote a comedy on purpose to r
