《浅谈湖南高考新增完形填空》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浅谈湖南高考新增完形填空（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、浅谈湖南高考英语新增完形填空 湖南省汉寿县第二中学马海燕 湖南2010高考,新增8个单词完形填空,主要考查学生在语境中灵活运用语言的能力及推理判断能力,同时,也注重检测学生单词的拼写能力和词形变异能力。笔者从亲身的教学实践和摸索中,从以下几个方面解读了该题型。 一、考查热点 俗话说，知己知彼，百战不殆。明白考什么，你就成功了一大半（Well begun is half done）。新题型测试点往往集中于虚词，如冠词、介词和连词，其中连词包括并列句中的并列连词、状语从句中的从属连词和名词性从句中的连接词等。此外，在重点考查词义的基础上，也会考查学生对词形的变化掌握情况。如实词中动词的动名词、现在
2、分词、过去分词、不定式等。代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、反身代词、名词性从句中的连接代词、定语从句中的关系代词都是考查热点。另外，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级及名词性从句中的连接副词及种类繁多的衔接过渡副词也是高考高频点。 和选择完形填空一样（完形I），两种题型都侧重四个方面的考查：1、通过上下文语境辨别词义。2、考查固定短语、句式。3、注重语法结构。4、考查学生常识掌握情况。 下面具体剖析各种经常要填到的常考词：1、 冠词a、an、the都是考试高频词。【高考链接】(湖南10)Sometimes it is necessary for your parent to write an a
3、fter-school note for their children.2、 介词的固定搭配，动词+介词等，如in ones opinion;approach/solution/key/answer to;have access to;by oneself;on ones own;shortly soon/after等。【高考链接】(湖南10)For another,the note lists all the information in one place.3、 连词1） 状从从属连词如引导时间状语从句的after,before,since,while,as,whenever,引导原因状从
4、的because,as,since，引导让步状从的though，although，while，wh-ever，however及倒装句中的as，whetheror,引导条件状从的if，unless，引导地点状从的where，wherever,引导方式状从的as,名词性从句中的连接词that，if，whether.2） 并列连词表顺承的and,表转折的but，yet,表原因的for,表结果的so，表就在这时或那时的when(be doingwhen, be about to dowhen, had just donewhen),表对比然而的while，表选择的or/otherwise.【高考链接】
5、(湖南10)If parents are working,they are usually not at home when/after their children return from school.（2010湖南样卷）Fortunately,we humans are beginning to realize our mistakes or/otherwise we could destroy everthing on Earth.4、 代词1） 人称代词的主格、宾格，形容词性物主代词、反身代词。2） 名从中的连接代词，what， whatever，who ，whom， whoever
6、，which3） 定从中的关系代词，that，which，who，whom，whose，as(正如) 【高考链接】（湖南10）For one thing,parents have time to think about what they want to say before they write.(湖南10)Pepole often forget all the details that they hear in a telephone call.5、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 【高考链接】 （湖南10）A note is often a better way to “talk” wit
7、h a child than using the telephone.6、 名从中的连接副词when，where，how，why等。定从中的关系副词when，where，why。此外表转折、递进、结果等的衔接过渡副词，如表转折however，yet，still，nevertheless，though(常置于句末)，表递进besides，also，moreover，furthermore等，表结果so，therefore，thus等。另外，同学们也不能忽视动词+副词短语中副词的考查。【高考链接】 （湖南10）Finally,cellphones can be turned off or tele
8、phone calls not answered.二、解题要领 I.判断所填单词的语义（Using the context to fill in the blanks is very important.） 1理清内在联系，把握逻辑关系。通过语境判断词义可以通过对比、因果联系、上下文等确定。推敲语义时，不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词，具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下的特殊功能。如but，or，however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand 等。 【考题链接】 （09北京）Joh
9、n plays basketball well,yet his favorite sport is badminton. (10湖南样卷)Animals and plants have always had a hard/difficult time surviving. (10湖南样卷)Fortunately,we humans are beginning to realize our mistakes,or/otherwise we could destroy everything on Earth. 2.利用生活常识，识别名词定义（Having a good knowledge of c
10、ommon sense will benefit you a lot.So you should broaden your horizons by reading more.） 短文渗透如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情、生活常识等方面的知识。要求考生多读，多做，熟能生巧。 如：Hiking is a way of travelling a long time on foot instead of by car,or train. The firefighter/fireman,whose duty was to put out the fire,was injured in the strugg
11、le. 3.熟记习语句式（Accumulating large numbers of set-phrases and sentence patterns is really good for you.）如: do/cause damage to;keepto oneself;way to do/of doing sth.;prevent/keep/stop/discourage/forbid/ban/prohibitfrom doing sth.; have a hard time/trouble /difficulty doing sth.;be doing when；had hardly
12、donebefore/when;be about to do sthwhen;save/protect/secure/shelter/shield sb from sth.;There is no sense/point in doing sth. etc。 【考题链接】 （09湖北）1)Some parents are too protective.They want to shelter their kids from every kind of danger. 2)Water is to fish what air is to man. (10 样卷) 3）In some cases,c
13、ompetition for resources among animals led to extinction and in other cases,environmental changes caused extinction. (10 福建) 4）The girl had hardly rung the bell before /when the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.II.确定所填单词的词形和词性（Determine the meaning of the words,and you
14、 can decide the forms and parts of speech.）新题型最大特点是确定词义后，判断所填单词的词性（如：冠词，介词，连词，代词，形容词，副词等）。词性的判断主要通过分析句子成分来确定，一般情况，可作如下分析：1 主语和宾语一般由名词、代词充当，有时也用动名词、不定式短语。2 谓语主要由动词充当，因而考生要学会判断动词的时态和语态。由于每空一词，所以重点考查一般现在时和一般过去时。考生做题时，应仔细考虑是否该用动词的第三人称单数或熟知常见动词的过去式，尤其是动词的不规则变化。【考题链接】 （10样卷）1）.We pollute habitats.We illegally hunt and kill animals.(主语) 2）.He followed you here because he thought you were the man he was looking for.（动词过去式）掌握了考查热点及解题要领，相信同学们在做题时会游刃有余！ / 文档可自由编辑打印
