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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题It is not uncommon for there （ ）problems of communication between the old and the young.问题1选项A.beingB.would beC.beD.to be【答案】D【解析】句意:老人与年轻人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。固定搭配。it is+形容词+for there to be.。2. 单选题Since we are so social beings, the quality of our lives depends in
2、 large measure on our interpersonal relationship. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with stron
3、g support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support help
4、s people fend off illness and absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults an
5、d difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs
6、 while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental supporta financial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.1.Social companionship is beneficial in that （ ）.2.
7、Interpersonal relationships are important because（ ）.3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions” (Para. 3)?4.Research shows that peoples physical and mental health（ ）.5.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of （ ）.问题1选项A.it helps strengthen our ties wi
8、th relativesB.it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC.it makes our leisure-time actives more enjoyableD.it draws our attention away from our worries and trouble问题2选项A.they are indispensable to peoples social well-beingB.they waken peoples desire to exchange resourcesC.they help people to
9、 cope with life in the information eraD.they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.问题3选项A.Adds up to.B.Does away with.C.Lessens the effect of.D.Lays the foundation for.问题4选项A.relies on the social welfare systems which support themB.has much to do with the amount of support they ge
10、t from othersC.depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD.is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives问题5选项A.instrumental supportB.informational supportC.social companionshipD.the strengthening of self-respect【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解
11、析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Social companionship定位至最后一段: we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles(特别是，我们发现社会成员的身份是具有支持性作用的。与他人共度时光，进行娱乐活动有助于在满足自己社交需求的同
12、时转移对担忧和麻烦事情的注意力)，由这句话可以推断出social companionship的好处在于它有助于帮助我们转移对担忧和麻烦事情的注意力，即选项D。2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Interpersonal relationshipsd定位至第一段: Since we are so social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationship(我们都是社会中的个体，我们的生活质量在很大程度上取决于我们的社会人际关系)，由这句话体现了 interpers
13、onal relationship的重要性及其原因一 我们都是社会中的个体，我们的生活离不开社会人际关系，故选项A “interpersonal relationship之所以重要是因为他是人们的社会活动中不可或缺的一部分”正确。3.词义题。cushions词来源于文章中的Social support cushions stress in a number of ways；分析段落结构可知，这句话是文章第三段的中心句，后面列举的四个方法都是有关缓解压力的。而且因此可以推断出cushions stress是“缓解压力”的意思。故选C “减少 的影响”。4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词physica
14、l and mental health定位至第二段：Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off illness and absence of such support makes poor health more likely(有关疾病的研究，从抑郁症到心脏病，表明社会支持能够帮助人们摆脱疾病，而社会支持的缺失则会增加身体不适的可能性)，在这句话中depression相当于
15、题干中的mental health的范围，heart disease属于physical health的范围，由此可知人们的身体和心理健康是与社会支持密切相关的，这里的社会支持相当于选项B中的 support they get from others,故答案选项为 B。5.细节事实题。根据题干关键信息Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work 定位至最后一段:Finally, other people may give us instrumental supporta financial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.其中 needed services 就相当于题干的Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work,故属于 instrumental support。3. 单选题Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deepe
