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1、2013届高三英语语法要点精讲（配最新高考+模拟）专题20 情景交际【考纲解读】高考研究高考英语情景交际考点是用来考查考生在一定语境下对应答或习惯表达的掌握情况。其实质是对学生口语能力进行一种书面的考查。一般来说，高考中对于情景交际试题要求主要包括英语新课程标准中所涉及的68个话题。主要体现在社会交往(问候、告别、道歉、祝愿、祝贺等)中人的态度(同意或不同意；喜欢或不喜欢；肯定或不肯定；可能或不可能；能够或不能够等)或表示的一种情感(高兴、惊奇、忧虑、安慰、满意、遗憾、同情等)等。【知识导图】【规律点拨】对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用，从
2、而检测出考生对英语的驾驭能力。（一）熟悉下面最常用的一些情景交际语境。1.Introduction(介绍)This is Mr Smith.Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you.2.Greetings(问候)How are you doing?Very well,thank you.3.Thanks(感谢)Thank you very much.Its a pleasure./My Pleasure./Thats OK./Youre welcome./Dont mention it./Thats all right.4.Apologies(道歉)Im sorry for
3、losing your radio.Thats OK./Its all right./Never mind./Its nothing./Forget it./It doesnt matter.5.Invitation(邀请)Would you like to have a cup of coffee?Thank you./No, thank you.6.Asking for permission(请求允许)Would/Do you mind my smoking here?Of course, you can./Go ahead, please.Im sorry, its not allowe
4、d./Im afraid not.7.Expressing wishes and congratulations (祝愿和祝贺)Im going to have an English Exam.Good luck!I have just won the first prize in the maths competition.Congratulations!8.Offering help(提供帮助)Shall I help you with that?Yes, please./Yes, thanks.No, thanks./Thank you all the same.9.Making app
5、ointments(约会)Lets make it at 5:30.All right. See you then. 10.Making telephone calls(打电话) Hello! May I speak to Tom?/Is that Tom speaking?Just a moment, please./Sorry. He isnt in just now. /Hold the line, please. /Hello. This is Mary speaking.11.Having meals(就餐) Would you like something to eat/drink
6、?Yes, Id like a drink./Id like rice and chicken.No, thank you. Ive had enough.12.Seeing a doctor(就医)Whats the matter?Im not quite myself./I feel terrible (bad, horrible.).I have a headache./There is something wrong with.13.Shopping购物What can I do for you?/May I help you?I want/Id like a pair of spor
7、ts shoes.14.Asking the way(问路)Excuse me. Where is the post office?Excuse me. Which is the way to the post office?Can(Could) you tell me the way to the post office?How can I get to the post office?Its over there./Go down this street until you see the tall red building. You cant miss it.You can take b
8、us No.23.Turn left at the first crossing.Sorry, I dont know. Im a stranger here.15.Talking about weather(谈论天气)Whats the weather like today?/How is the weather today?Its nice/fine/sunny/cloudy/ foggy/ rainy.16.Sympathy(同情)My mother is ill.I have to stay at home and look after her.Im sorry to hear tha
9、t.17.Frequency(频度)How often do you go to movies?Once a week.18.Praise and encouragement(赞扬和鼓励)You speak excellent English.Thank you.二、掌握以下几个命题方式：英语交际型试题主要考查考生对英语知识的理解和应用能力，考查考生对中西方文化差异的掌握情况及对英语的使用和驾驭能力。考查点相对集中，主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有以下几种。【考点1】 习惯应答类许多情景对话中使用的
10、是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如：1常用于感谢的应答用语有：You are welcome/Dont mention it/It is my pleasure(My pleasure)/Not at a11/Thats all right/Im glad(happy)that/Im glad you like(enjoy)it2常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind/It doesnt matter/Not at a11/Thats al
11、l right/That is nothing3常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Good luck!/Best wishes to you/Have a nice time/Wish you a pleasant journey/Congratulations!/Merry Christmas!/Happy birthday to you而应答用语有：Thank you/The same to you/You too4接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure/Id be happy(glad)to/Yes，help yourself/No problem/Good idea/Sounds
12、 good/Why not?拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but/Id rather you/Thank you，but/No way!/Forget it。5其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语有：How do you do/Fine，thank you介绍的应答用语有：Very glad(pleased)to see you接电话的习惯用语有：This is Li Ming speaking道别的习惯用语有：Bye/So long/See you later服务人员的应答用语有：Yes，Sir/Yes，Madame/Take your time【考点2】 破交际定势类
13、汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交际定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如：当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总是先接受对方的夸奖，再表示谢意。如：-Youve given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang.-Im glad you enjoyed it【考点3】 语言结构类这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来做出选择。以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态
14、度时，可以说：Yes，I think(suppose，believe)SO/Yes，Im afraid SO对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说：No，I dont think(suppose) so/No，I dont believe so/No，I believe(suppose)not/No，I hope not/No，I am afraid not“Do you mind?”常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用“No，go ahead/No，of course not/No，not at a11”等来回答；如果不同意，可用“Im sorry I do”来回答。【考点4】 情景用语类
15、根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。如表示不肯定或没把握，人们会说：I am afraid that/It depends表示不耐烦和催促的用语有：Well，well/Come on/Hurry up!表示惊奇和有把握的用语有：No wonder/No doubt如：一What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game一Its up to youWhatever you want to do is fine with me【试题放送】【2012重庆卷】26.-The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled. -Oh, no!_. A.
