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1、A Guide to English-Speaking Countries英语国家概况英语国家概况The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandChapter 6 LiteratureThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland英英英英语语语语国国国国家家家家概概概概况况况况 Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressCONTEN
2、TThe Old English Period and Middle English Period(450-1500)IThe Renaissance(1500-1660)IIThe Neo-Classical Period(1660-1785)IIIThe Romantic Period(1785-1830)IVThe Victorian Period(1832-1901)V Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressThe Old English Perio
3、d and Middle English Period(450-1500)I 1.1 General Knowledge 1.2 The Old English Period 1.3 The Middle English Period Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.1 General KnowledgevIn practice,works of literature fall into four categories or genres:poet
4、ry dramaFiction/novelProse/essay Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.2 The Old English PeriodvOld English:the epic Beowulf：folk legend of Anglo-Saxonsv传说讲述传说讲述Beowulf是位非常强而有力的人是位非常强而有力的人,当时有一只丑陋而可怕的怪物当时有一只丑陋而可怕的怪物Grendel在四出破坏及吃人。在四出破坏及吃人。Beowulf与
5、物恶斗后将它杀死了。与物恶斗后将它杀死了。Grendel的母亲对此怀恨在心的母亲对此怀恨在心.于是待于是待Beowulf年老后去找他偿命年老后去找他偿命,Grendel的母亲将的母亲将Beowulf拖进其湖底的巢穴并廝杀。拖进其湖底的巢穴并廝杀。最后被最后被Beowulf用剑把她的头砍下来，他在湖底找刭用剑把她的头砍下来，他在湖底找刭Grendel的尸体的尸体,也把他的头砍了带走。也把他的头砍了带走。Hrothgar王对他感谢不已王对他感谢不已,送了他许多酬赏。送了他许多酬赏。v但好景不长但好景不长,有人从一巨龙之穴偷走了一个金杯有人从一巨龙之穴偷走了一个金杯,令巨龙极为愤怒。於是它四出捣乱及
6、烧毁村庄令巨龙极为愤怒。於是它四出捣乱及烧毁村庄,令人民生活大受影响。年老的令人民生活大受影响。年老的Beowulf再次堤起他的剑与外甥再次堤起他的剑与外甥Wiglaf一起去对付巨龙一起去对付巨龙(其他人太害怕巨龙而没人敢帮助他其他人太害怕巨龙而没人敢帮助他.),大战过后巨龙终被他俩所杀大战过后巨龙终被他俩所杀,但但Beowulf也因伤重而死。也因伤重而死。Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.2 The Old English PeriodWiglaf
7、 在诗中最后对那些不敢战斗如懦夫般的战士的话：So it is goodbye to all you know and love on your home ground,the open-handedness,the giving of war swords.Every one of you with freeholds of land,our whole nation,will be dispossessed,once-princes from beyond get tidings of how you turned and fled and disgraced yourselves.A w
8、arrior will sooner die than live a life of shame.Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press1.3 The Middle English Period(1066-1485).vMiddle English:Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales v作品描写一群香客作品描写一群香客pilgrim聚集在伦敦一家小旅店里，准备去坎特伯雷城朝圣。店主人建议香客们在往返途中各讲两个故事，看
9、谁讲的最好。故事集包括了聚集在伦敦一家小旅店里，准备去坎特伯雷城朝圣。店主人建议香客们在往返途中各讲两个故事，看谁讲的最好。故事集包括了23个故事，如：骑士讲的爱情悲剧故事、卖赎罪券者讲的劝世寓言故事、教士讲的动物寓言故事、商人讲的家庭纠纷的故事、农民讲的感人的爱情和慷慨义气行为的故事。个故事，如：骑士讲的爱情悲剧故事、卖赎罪券者讲的劝世寓言故事、教士讲的动物寓言故事、商人讲的家庭纠纷的故事、农民讲的感人的爱情和慷慨义气行为的故事。Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research
10、 Press1.3 The Middle English Period(1066-1485).v作品广泛地反映了当时的英国社会生活，作品广泛地反映了当时的英国社会生活，揭露了教会的腐败、教士的贪婪和伪善，揭露了教会的腐败、教士的贪婪和伪善，谴责了扼杀人性的禁欲主义，肯定了世谴责了扼杀人性的禁欲主义，肯定了世俗的爱情生活。俗的爱情生活。Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressThe Renaissance(1500-1660)2.1 General Knowle
11、dge 2.2 William Shakespeare II Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressvIntellectural movement:Renaissance 文艺复兴文艺复兴v admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.nsonnet(十四行诗十四行诗)ndrama The drama types are tragedy,comedy.2.1 General Knowledge Foreig
12、n Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Shakespeares Birthplace Foreign Language Teaching and Research
13、 PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressThe Globe Theatre：rebuilt near its original location on the south bank of the Thames River in London.2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressSonnetv?莎士比亚十四行诗集莎士比亚十四行诗集?
14、:154首首诗，作于诗，作于1592年至年至1598年年 v“莎士比亚体莎士比亚体Shakespearean，由三节四行，由三节四行诗和两行对句组成，每行诗和两行对句组成，每行10个个音节音节v韵式韵式Rhyme 为为ABAB，CDCD，EFEF，GG。Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressSonnet 141In faith I do not love thee with mine eyes,For they in thee a thousand erro
15、rs note;But tis my heart that loves what they despise,Who in despite of view is pleased to dote.Nor are mine ears with thy tongues tune delighted;Nor tender feeling to base touches prone,Nor taste,nor smell,desire to be invitedTo any sensual feast with thee alone.But my five wits,nor my five senses
16、canDissuade one foolish heart from serving thee,Who leaves unswayed the likeness of a man,Thy proud hearts slave and vassal wretch to be.Only my plague thus far I count my gain,That she that makes me sin awards me pain.Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research PressvComedy:爱情、友谊、婚姻爱情、友谊、婚姻 A Midsummer Nights Dream(1595)Merchant of Venice(1598)As You Like It(1599)Twelfth Night(1601)DramaDrama:37-Comedy,histarical play,tragedy Foreign Language Teaching and
