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1、动词的被动语态一。被动语态构成 be+done一般现在时 am/is/are+done一般过去时 was/were +done 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to +be done 完成时 have/has/had been done 进行时 be being done不及物动词不用被动语态：happen, take place, occur, break out 正确理解各种常见时态的被动语态 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着.例如 The old doctor is respected by everyone.被动语态谓语动词be+及物动词的过去分词.被动语态共有十种时
2、态.以动词tell为例，其被动语态的各种时态构成如下:一般进行进行现在Am/is/are+toldam/is/are+beingtoldhas/have+been told过去Was/were+toldwas/were_beingtoldhad been told将来Shall/will+be toldshall/will+havebeentold过去Should/would+beShould/would+have将来toldbeen told下面以往届高考题中出现的被动语态为例说明其具体用法.一般现在时(MET1993.30)答案: B. 在世界上一些地区,茶里放有牛奶和糖一起（被）供应.一
3、般过去时:答案: C从句中”This ia Teds photo. We miss him a lot. ” 可 矢口 Ted 已经死了，因此”kill”应为过去的动作，而且是被动语态.现在进行时: （2001春招, 17）答案: D.从后面的提示看，这项工程还没有完工，故应正在建设中，而且是被动语态，故答案为 D.一般将来时:（2001 春招，15）Hundreds of jobsif the factory closes.A. lose B.are lost C.willbe lostD.will lose答案: C此题中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句，从句用现在时 代 替 将 来 时,因
4、 此 主 句应用一般将来时,而且句意为被动,故 答案为C.二不同句型的被动语态1. 双宾语的被动语态eg. I givmy brother a computer.Sb间接宾语t直接宾语A: My brother is given a computer by me.B: A computer is given to my brother.2. 复合宾语的被动语态eg.We call him Lao Li.= He is called Lao Li by us.She told me to wait for you.=I was told to wait for you by her.3. 感官动
5、词和使役动词（le t/make/ha的被动语态1）.The boss made his workers work 15 hours each day.The workers were madto work 15 hours each day（bu the boss）. 2）.I saw a child cross the road alone.A child was seen to cross the road alone.4. 情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be + done1）. We_ can turn solids into liquids.Solids can be turned i
6、nto liquids.2）.You must not leave the bike here.The bike must not be left here.5. 动词短语的被动语态必须注意动词短语的完整性eg. They take a good care of the children.The children are taken a good care of. A good care is taken of the children.类似的短语还有：pay attention to, make uetcof 三。特别注意用动词的主动形式表示被动意义的情况1. 有些动词（表示某一物体的状态,
7、性质,特征,）形式上主动，意义上 被动，如：sell write wash, shut lock neec, las。The doorwont shut .-（这词典销路很好。）The dictionary sells w这词典销路很好。）My recorder needs repair我的录音机需要修理了。）4. This kind of clo th las（这布n料耐穿。）2. 表示感觉的五个连系动词例如 The surface of the tablesmooth enough.A.isntfeltB.isntfeelingC.doesntfeelD.hasnt felt正确答案:C3
8、.Sth is well worth +doing.Sth need doing/ to be done.4.wil动词原形或would+动词原形，表示（过去）将来经常发生的动作常表示主语自身具有的特征或一种倾向性。例如：Don t get the ink on your shirt, for it.A.wont wash outB. wasnt washed outC. wont be washing out D.hasnt washed out正确答案: A例如: I tried hard to push the door open, but it.A. wouldnt be opened
9、 B.wouldnt openC.wouldnt have opened D.hasnt opened正确答案:BExercisesAll the workas a result of the hard work and they decided to havetwo weeks holiday.A. was completed B. has been completed C.had completedD. is completed-youthe editor at the airport?-No, he away before my arrival.Have, met,has driven
10、B.Had,met,was driven C. Did,meet,had been driven D.Have, met. Had driven-John took a photo of you just now.-Really? What a pity! I.A.didntlookB.wasnt lookingC.hadntlookedD.havent looked-Mr. Whitethis wee-k-?-No, he is on holiday.A.Has, workedB.Does, workC.Is,workingD.Did, workLook! Everything here is under construction. What is the pretty small ho thatfor?A.is being builtB.has been builtC.is builtD.is buildingThe boy is ill. Heabsent from school for at least a week.A. hastoB.is toC.willhave toD.will have to beAnswerACBCAC
