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1、1 / 51)从属连词:that,whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用,本身无实际意义,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,但不能省略。Thathewillwiniscertain.他肯定会赢。Whetherhellcomehereisn他Cea会来这里还不清楚。注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:1 .Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.2 .Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)
2、Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat.遗憾的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识(很遗憾)welostthematch.(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.2) Itis+adj.+从句Itscertainthat肯定Itispossiblethat.彳艮可能Itisunlikelythat.不可能Itisobviousthat彳艮明显.that+(should)do(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*(很明显)thismeasureise
3、ffective.3) It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.4) It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat.据说Itisknowntoallthat.众所周知Itisreportedthat.据报道Itisbelievedthat.人们相信/认为Itissuggestedthat+(shoulddo.建议据报道()20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*(建议)wes
4、houldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.whichever, whoever2.连接代词who,what,which,whatever,(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词,和what一样引导从句,ever起到强调作用。它们在句子中担任主干成分,并用陈述句形式)WhatmanyscientistsbelieveisthattheearthisroundWhowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverwas
5、saidheremustbekeptsecret.3)连接副词when,where,how,why等。Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Whentheywillleaveisnotdecided.Howwewillpaintthehousehasnotbeendecided.注意:1)主语从句在句首时,必须由连接词引导,不能省略这些连接词误:Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正:Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural2) whether引导主语从句,if不可误:IfMa
6、ryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正:WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.Completethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,when,who,why,howorthat.1 .(isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.2 .2.(theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.3 .(wewillgotomorrow)hasntbeendecidedyet.4 .(canjoininthesportmeet)isdeci
7、dedbytheteacher.5 .(itwillrainornot)isnotclear.Conclusion:主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。主语从句的规律:找出下列句子中的错误,并总结规律例1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.正:Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例2.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.正:Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.规律二、连词that在从句中无实际意义,
8、但不能省略。例3.Ifthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.正:Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.规律三、whether可以引导主语从句,放在句首,但if不能例4.Thatwhetherhewillhelpothersisafact.正:Thathewillhelpothersisafact.规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。例5.Whenhewillcomeareapuzzle.正:Whenhewillcomeisapuzzle.规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人
9、称形式。1. Whatheneedsisthatbook.2. Whatheneedsaresomebooks.规律六、what引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做形式主语,而把从句放在后面。Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.找出错误,并给出理由:1 .Whereshallwespendtheholidayisntdecided.2 .Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3. I
10、fthepolicemanwillcomeisnotcertain.4. Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.5. Itisorderedweshouldleaveatonce.6. Wherehecomesfromareamystery.7. Whatwhetherhelikesthejobisnotclear.8. Whoheisandwhereheisfromisimportant.9. Whathesawisthestarsinthesky.1 ._hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD
11、.How2. _wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3. Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when4. WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave请用恰当的主语从句连词填空:What,it,that,whether,whoever1. youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2. hesaidatthemeetingaston
12、ishedeverybodypresent3. the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4. wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5. leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.用whetherif填空1 .Thequestionisthefilmisinteresting.2 .weshallattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Correctornot?Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbee
13、ndecidedyet.Whetherwewill.decidedyet.Payattention放在名词性从句旬首,表示是否,只能用whether,不能用ifThatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld.WhatshewantstoknowisPayattention此主语从句缺少成分-宾语,故用作成分的what来引导,而不用thatHewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.ThathewillgiveupPayattention:由that引导的主语从何放在旬首,that不能省略。1 ._hemadeanimportant
14、speechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2 ._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3 ._isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.AWhichBAsCWhatDItItsknowntousall_a_formofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5 .Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6 .WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave