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1、V基于单片机的水温控制系统设计摘 要随着科学技术的不断发展,和人们对生活品质要求的不断提高,现代电子产品在大众的生活中有着举足轻重的作用,产品的功能、性能也随着人们的要求不选完善、不断提高。在此要求下,设计了一个基于单片机的自能水温控制系统,以单片机为核心,完成测量水温、加热温度、恒温控制、水温现实和报警等功能。系统采用PWM脉宽调制控制加热,试水温加热至操作者所需温度,用DS18B20采集温度,分析需要加热或者使之降温到设定温度,用键盘设定所需温度,设定温度与现实温度都通过数码显示显示出来,水温加热到设定温度自动报警。温度通过基于单片机的水温自动控制系统设计的实验,表明以单片机为核心可以实现
2、对水温度的控制,也可以根据用户需求进行设置。该系统应用广泛,在该系统的基础之上再进行改善便可达到综合的更想用途。在工业生产中温度、压力、流量和液位是四种常用的物理量,其中温度是一个非常重要的过程变量,因为它直接影响燃烧、化学反应、发酵、烘烤、煅烧、蒸馏、浓度、挤压成形,结晶以及空气流动等物理和化学过程。温度控制在工业领域应用非常广泛,由于其具有影响因素多、参数多变、运行惯性大、控制滞后等特点,它对控制调节器要求较高。温度控制不好就可能引起生产安全,产品质量和产量等一系列问题。在日常生活中水温也是经常要用的参量,如饮水机、热水器、浴池、游泳池等都需要对水温进行控制,使人们的生活更加便利。针对这个
3、系统而言,是以STC89S51单片机为核心,配合温度传感器,信号处理电路,显示电路,输出控制电路等组成,软件选用C语言编程。单片机可将温度传感器检测到的水温,显示于LED数码管显示器上,可根据用户设定温度对水进行加热以及当低于设定温度时自动保温,挡在加热结束时还可以声音报警以作提示。系统灵活性强,易于操作,可靠性高,将会有更广阔的开发前景。关键词:单片机,温度,控制 The Design of Temperature ControlSystem Based on MCSAbstract With the continuous development of science and technol
4、ogy, and peoples quality of life requires the continuous improvement of modern electronic products in the public plays an important role in life, product features, performance requirements as people do not choose the sound, and continuously improve . In this request, the design of a microcontroller-
5、based self-energy temperature control system, a microcontroller core, complete measurement of temperature, heating temperature, temperature control, temperature and alarm functions reality. PWM pulse width modulation control system is heated, test the water temperature were heated to the required op
6、erating temperature, the temperature with DS18B20 collection, analysis need to be heated or cooled so as to set the temperature, using the keyboard to set the desired temperature, set temperature and actual temperature displayed through the digital display, temperature heated to set temperature alar
7、m. Temperature microcontroller-based automatic control system for temperature experiments show that the microcontroller core can be achieved on the water temperature control, can also be set according to user needs. The system is widely used in the system on the basis of further improvement can be a
8、chieved even want to use integrated. In the industrial production of temperature, pressure, flow and level are four commonly used physical, where the temperature is a very important process variable because it directly affects the combustion, chemical reactions, fermentation, roasting, calcining, di
9、stillation, concentration, extrusion pressure forming, mold and air flow and other physical and chemical processes. Temperature control is widely used in industry, because of its many factors have an impact, parameter changing, inertia operation, control, delay and other characteristics, in that it
10、requires a higher regulator. Poor temperature control may lead to production safety, product quality and yield and other issues. Water temperature is also in daily life often use the parameters, such as drinking fountains, water heaters, baths, swimming pools and so the need for temperature control,
11、 make peoples lives more convenient. For this system, is STC89S51 microcontroller core, with the temperature sensor, signal processing circuit, display circuit, the output control circuit and other components, the software used C programming language. Single chip temperature sensor can detect the te
12、mperature, shown in the LED digital display, it can be set according to the user, and the heating temperature on the water below the set temperature automatically when the insulation, the heating end of the block, can have an audible alarm for tips. System flexibility, easy operation, high reliabili
13、ty, will have broader prospects of development.KEY WORDS:SCM, temperature, control基于单片机的水温控制系统设计目 录摘要ABSTRACT1 系统方案选择和论证11.1 选题背景11.2 题目要求21.2.1 基本要求21.2.2 发挥部分21.2.3 说明21.3 系统基本方案31.3.1 各模块电路的方案选择及论证31.3.2 系统各模块的最终方案101.3.3 总体设计概述112 硬件设计与实现122.1 系统硬件模块关系122.2 主要单元电路的设计132.2.1 温度采集部分设计132.2.2 加热控制部
14、分162.2.3 键盘、显示、报警、控制器部分162.3 总电路设计193 系统软件设计213.1 读取DS18B20温度模块子程序213.2 数据处理子程序223.3 键盘扫描子程序233.4 脉宽调制子程序263.5 喇叭声音报警实现程序273.6 主程序流程图274 系统测试284.1 静态温度测试284.2 动态温度测量294.3 结果分析305 总结与结论316 今后展望及改进意见327 产品使用说明33致谢34参考文献35附录3639基于单片机的水温控制系统设计基于单片机的水温控制系统设计1 系统方案选择和论证1.1 选题背景在能源日益紧张的今天,电热水器,饮水机,电饭煲之类的家用
15、电器在保温时,由于其简单的温控系统,利用温敏电阻来实现温控,因而会造成很大的能源浪费。我们所写的系统是根据目前节省能源的发展趋势和国内实际的应用特点和要求,采用了自动化的结构形式,实现对水温的自动检测和控制。本系统是以AT89C51单片机为核心,配合温度传感器,信号处理电路,显示电路,输出控制电路等组成,软件选用汇编语言编程。单片机可将温度传感器检测到的水温,显示于LED数码管显示器上。系统灵活性强,易于操作,可靠性高,将会有更广阔的开发前景。由于本设计是从保温、控温部分节能为出发点而设计,因而在其加热部分还是存在很大能源浪费,因而在日后的开发应用中因当注意要,对其加热部分的选材的改进。在能源日益紧张的今天,电热水器,饮水机,电饭煲之类的家用电器在保温时,由于其简单的温控系统,利用温敏电阻来实现温控,因而会造成很大的能源浪费浪费。我们所写的系统是根据目前节省能源的发展趋势和国内实际的应用特点和要求,采用了自动化的结构形式,实现对水温的自动检测和控制。目前,国外温度控制系统及仪表正朝着高精度智能化,小型化等方面快速发展。温度控制系统在国内各行各业的应用虽然已经十分广泛,但从国内生产的温度控制器来讲,总体发展水平仍然不高,同国外的日本,美国,德国等先进国家相比,仍有较大差距。目前,我国在这方面总体技术处于20世纪8