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1、2022年考博英语-西北大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Scientists should have choice as to what areas they explore, and certainly have the ethical right and obligations as （ ）to influence what use is made of their discoveries.问题1选项A.anthropologistsB.philanthropistsC.archaeologistsD.humanists【答案】D【解析】anthropologist 人类学
2、家；philanthropist 慈善家；archaeologist考古学家；humanist 人道主义者。句意：科学家应该选择他们所探索的领域，他们当然也有像人道主义者一样的道德权利和义务来影响他们的发现的用途。选项D符合语境。2. 单选题I dont think it is impartial for the professor to flunk my Chemistry test.问题1选项A.unbiasedB.compatibleC.exonerativeD.effusive【答案】A【解析】句意：我不认为教授让我的化学考试不及格是公正的。impartial意为公平的，不偏不倚的。u
3、nbiased 公正的，无偏见的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative 免罪的，免除的；effusive 流出的，感情横溢的。选项A与之意思最为相近。3. 单选题Some scientists hypothesized that there are intellectual beings on some （ ）bodies.问题1选项A.astronauticB.celestialC.astronomicalD.astrological【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项astronautic“太空航行的，宇航员的”，C项astronomical“天文的，天文学的”，
4、D项astrological“占星的，占星学的，占星术的”，B项celestial“天上的，天空的”，celestial body表示“天体”。由intellectual beings“有智力的生物”可知，空格部分表示“在一些天体上”。句意：一些科学家假设某些天体上有智慧生物。因此，该题选择B项正确。4. 单选题Tool makers must have the ability to work very （ ）in order to meet exact specifications.问题1选项A.plausiblyB.profoundlyC.preciselyD.primarily【答案】C
5、【解析】plausibly 似真地；profoundly深刻地，极度地；precisely 精确地，恰好；primarily 主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必须能非常精确地工作，以满足准确的规格要求。根据下文可知，选项C符合句意。5. 单选题Mint is an herb that is well known for the aromatic oil distilled from all parts of the plant.问题1选项A.valuableB.fragrantC.medicinalD.flavorful【答案】B【解析】句意：薄荷是一种药草，因其各个部位可蒸馏芳香油而闻名。a
6、romatic意为芳香的。valuable 有价值的，贵重的；fragrant 芬芳的，芳香的；medicinal 药用的；有益的；flavorful 可口的，充满 味道的。选项B与之意思最为相近。6. 单选题A metropolitan area consists of a central city and many suburban areas in its （ ）.问题1选项A.vicinityB.vesselC.upkeepD.verge【答案】A【解析】vicinity 邻近，附近；vessel 船，舰；upkeep 维持，保养；verge 边缘。句意：大都市区由一个中心城市和它附近
7、的许多郊区组成。选项A符合句意。7. 单选题His talk was generally well received, but as for the statistics he（ ） , I dont think all of them were up-to-date.问题1选项A.referred toB.related toC.adjusted toD.appealed to【答案】A【解析】refer to谈到，提及；relate to涉及，有关；adjust to调节，调整以适应；appeal to呼吁，上诉。句意：他的演讲受到了普遍的欢迎，但关于他提及的统计数字，我不认为所有的数据都
8、是最新的。选项A符合句意。8. 单选题Nowadays very few people are willing to be nurses, so I think its extremely important for us to improve the （ ）of the nursing profession.问题1选项A.inquiryB.statusC.financeD.dilemma【答案】B【解析】inquiry探究，调查，质询; status地位，状态， 情形，重要身份；finance 财政，金融；dilemma 困境，进退两难。句意：现在很少有人愿意做护士，所以我认为提高护理专业的
9、身份地位对我们来说是非常重要的。选项B更符合语境。9. 单选题Each morning the priest spent an hour in quiet contemplation.问题1选项A.intuitionB.reflectionC.meditationD.perception【答案】C【解析】句意： 牧师每天早晨花一个小时静静地沉思。contemplation意为“沉思”。intuition 直觉；reflection 映像，反射；meditation 冥想，沉思，静坐；perception 洞察力，看法。选项C与之意思相近。10. 单选题The power （ ）in the o
10、ffice of President must not be abused.问题1选项A.inheritB.inherentC.instinctiveD.inhibitory【答案】B【解析】inherit 继承，遗传而得；inherent 固有的，内在的，与生俱来的；instinctive 本能的，直觉的，天生的；inhibitory 禁止的，抑制的。句意：总统办事处的固有职权不能滥用。选项B符合句意。11. 单选题The most prominent characteristics of handwriting are undoubtedly letter formation and sl
11、ant.问题1选项A.presumablyB.in many casesC.surelyD.without bias【答案】C【解析】presumably 大概，推测起来，可假定；in many cases 在许多情况下；surely 当然，无疑；without bias 不 偏不倚。undoubtedly意为毫无疑问地，选项C与之意思最为相近。12. 单选题He was raging inside, but he held himself in.问题1选项A.stayed indoorsB.tried hard to forget itC.controlled himselfD.calmed
12、 down【答案】C【解析】hold oneself in意为约束，抑制。stayed indoors待在室内；tried hard to forget it 努力忘记；controlled himself 控制自己；calmed down 平静下来，镇定下来。选项C与之意思相近。13. 单选题A vile smell hung in the air.问题1选项A.burntB.unpleasantC.sweetD.fruity【答案】B【解析】句意：空气中弥漫着一股难闻的气味。vile意为邪恶的，肮脏的。选项B更符合句意所表达的意思。14. 单选题By the time that dispu
13、te was resolved, relations between service and management had been poisoned.问题1选项A.disdainedB.retainedC.taintedD.stained【答案】C【解析】句意：在争端得到解决时，服务和管理之间的关系已经被破坏。poisoned意为破坏，摧毁。disdained 鄙弃；retained保留，保存；tainted 污染的，感染的；stained 玷污的，着色的。选项C最符合原句语境，所以正确。15. 单选题Radio stations are proliferating over the Int
14、ernet, so more and more Americans can listen to hometown stationseven if they live in Nome or In Miami.问题1选项A.roamingB.transmittingC.increasingD.broadcasting【答案】C【解析】句意：无线电台在互联网上激增，因此越来越多的美国人可以收听家乡电台的节目即使他们住在诺姆或迈阿密。proliferating意为“激增，大量生存产”。roaming漫步，闲逛；transmitting传送，传递；increasing增加，增大；broadcasting广播。选项C与之意思相近。16. 单选题The framework of the special theory of relativity can be constructed from the assumption of abso
