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1、2022年考博英语-合肥工业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the job
2、s must be carried on at the same time. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce specialists in many fields. Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, t
3、o support, and when necessary, to judge the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services.In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is defeated b
4、y too much emphasis on any one field. This question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural science, the social sciences, and the arts, but also relative emphases among the natural sciences themselves.Similarly, we must have a balance between current and classical knowledge. The att
5、ention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form the basis of courses for beginners.9. According to the first paragraph, the t
6、ask of education is fairly complicated because _.10. Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?11. It can be inferred from the passage that _.12. The best title for this passage might be _.问题1选项A.the current public school system is too complicated to be understoodB.the public scho
7、ol system has no choice of what to teachC.it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schoolsD.the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students问题2选项A.One of the major tasks of education is to discover the most promising students.B.In order to t
8、each effectively, educators are requested to lay emphasis on one particular field.C.Some subjects have been over-emphasized in public schools.D.The progress of the society cannot merely rely on inventors.问题3选项A.sufficient attention should be given to basic knowledgeB.students should learn more up-to
9、-date knowledgeC.lack of scientific knowledge will lead to poor relations between producers and users of scientific servicesD.students are getting to know the importance of a good balance among the branches of knowledge问题4选项A.Current System in EducationB.Educational Situation in Public SchoolC.Balan
10、ce in EducationD.Importance of Teaching Science and Technology【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C【解析】9. 【试题答案】D【试题解析】主旨大意题。由第一段的The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the jobs must be carried on at the same time.（然而，公立学校系统没有如此的选择，因为这些工作（教育普通和有天赋的学生）一定要同时进行。）以及The public school must educate
11、both producers and users of scientific services.（公立学校必须教育为科学服务的生产者和使用者。）由此可知，教育工作之所以会变得相当复杂是因为传授学习的对象并没有进行区分。因此D选项“教育工作者不得不照顾普通的和有天赋的学生”正确，符合题意。A选项“如今的公立学校系统太复杂而不能被理解”，B选项“公立学校系统不能选择教授的东西”，C选项“难以决定基础科学是否应该在公立学校被教授”。在文中均未提及，可排除。故选D。10. 【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。由第一段中If it were only necessary to decide wheth
12、er to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple.（如果只需要决定是向大众教授基础科学，还是找到少数有天赋的人，让他们尽可能地学习，那么我们的任务就相当简单了。）这只是作者的一个假设，并没有真正执行。因此A选项“教育的一个主要任务是去发现最有前途的学生”错误，与原文表述不符合。由第二段中Such balance is defeated by
13、 too much emphasis on any one field.（这样的平衡被过分强调某一领域所打破。）可知C选项“一些科目在公立学校中一直被过度强调”正确，符合题意。同理可推理出B选项“为了有效地教学，要求教育者强调某一特定的方面”。根据第一段中Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary,
14、 to judge the work of experts.（因为我们生活在一个民主的国家，所以，必须教育大部分人了解和支持或评判专家的工作。）民主国家的发展依靠所有人民的努力，而人民并不能局限于发明者。因此D选项“社会的发展不能仅仅依赖发明者”正确，符合题意。故选A。11. 【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。定位在最后一段中The attention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these s
15、hould not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form the basis of courses for beginners.（公众的注意力不断地被科学领域的新可能性和新知识的发现所吸引，不应该允许这些将我们的注意力从健全的，已制定的材料转移开，因为这些材料形成了适合初学者的基础课程。）由此可知，初学者应该从最基本的学习材料学起。因此A选项“应该给予基础知识足够的重视”正确，符合题意。B选项“学生应该学习更多最新的知识”，C选项“缺乏科学知识将导致生产者和科学
16、服务使用者之间产生不好的关系”，D选项“学生正慢慢认识到知识学科之间一种良好平衡的重要性”均不符合题意，可排除。故选A。12. 【试题答案】C【试题解析】主旨大意题。由第一段中The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the jobs must be carried on at the same time.（然而，公立学校系统没有如此的选择，因为这些工作（教育普通和有天赋的学生）一定要同时进行）第一段提出教育平衡的话题，第二段和第三段围绕教育平衡进行论述。综合而知，本文主要是围绕教育平衡这个话题展开阐述的。因此C选项“教育平衡”正确，符合题意。A选项“如今的教育系统”，B选项“公立学
