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1、2022年考博英语-中国社会科学院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In the world of show business, for example, fame is apt to be breathtakingly（ ）, a year in the limelight followed by total obscurity.问题1选项A.ephemeralB.peripheralC.perpetualD.evanescent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项ephemeral“短暂的；朝生暮死的”；B选项peripheral“外围的；次要的”；C选项perpet
2、ual“永久的；四季开花的”；D选项evanescent“容易消散的；逐渐凋零的”。句意：例如，在演艺界，名声往往是惊人地，引人注目的一年之后，就完全默默无闻了。本句表示名声时间段，应该搭配“短暂的”更合适，因此A选项正确。2. 单选题We complain of the darkness in which we live out our lives: we do not understand the nature of existence in general; we especially do not know the relation of our own self to the res
3、t of existence. Not only is our life short, our knowledge is limited entirely to it, since we can see（ ）back before our birth （ ）out beyond our death, so that our consciousness is as it were a lightning-flash momentarily illuminating the night: it truly seems as though a demon had maliciously shut o
4、ff all further knowledge from us so as to enjoy our discomfiture.问题1选项A.either.orB.neither.norC.bothandD.not onlybut also【答案】B【解析】考查并列连词。空格处句意：我们的知识局限于此，“ 出生之前， 我们死亡之后。”我们对于生前死后的知识应为否定状态。四个选项中只有B选项表示否定。3. 单选题It was （ ）the last time around the track （ ）I really kicked it inpassing the gossiping girlf
5、riends, blocking out the whistles of boys who had already completed their run and now were hanging out on the grassy hill, I ran-pushing hard, breathing shallowly, knowing full well that I was going to have to hear about it from my disapproving friends for the next few days.问题1选项A.not until.whenB.no
6、t until.thatC.until.whenD.until.that【答案】B【解析】由选项及题干可知本题考查“notuntil”强调句型“It is/was not until that”，因此B选项符合题意。4. 单选题Many economists believe that America must replace its moribund smokestack industries with business based on new technology.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.mordantC.mortifiedD.ousted【答案】A【解析】由句意可知，许多经济学
7、家认为，美国必须用基于新技术的商业来取代的低技术工业。既然低技术工业应该被新技术商业代替，也就是低技术工业岌岌可危了。A选项obsolete“废弃的；濒死的”；B选项mordant“有腐蚀性的；尖酸的”；C选线mortified“窘迫的；受辱的”；D选项ousted“被驱逐的”。由此可知A选项“濒死的”符合题意。5. 单选题In the 1960s and 70s of the last unlamented century, there was a New York television producer named David Susskind. He was commercially s
8、uccessful; he was also, surprisingly, a man of strong political views which he knew how to present so tactfully that networks were often unaware of just what he was getting away with on theirourair. Politically, he liked to get strong-minded guests to sit with him at a round table in a ratty buildin
9、g at the corner of Broadway and 42nd Street. Sooner or later, just about everyone of interest appeared on his program. Needless to say, he also had time for Vivien Leigh to discuss her recent divorce from Laurence Olivier, which summoned forth the mysterious cry from the former Scarlett OHara, “I am
10、 deeply sorry for any woman who was not married to Larry Olivier.” Since this took in several billion ladies (not to mention those gentlemen who might have offered to fill, as it were, the breach), Leigh caused a proper stir, as did the ballerina Alicia Markova, who gently assured us that “a Markova
11、 comes only once every hundred years or so.”I suspect it was the dim lighting on the set that invited such naked truths. David watched his pennies. I dont recall how, or when, we began our “States of the Union” programs. But we did them year after year. I would follow whoever happened to be presiden
12、t, and Id correct his “real” State of the Union with one of my own, improvising from questions that David would prepare. I was a political pundit because in a 1960 race for the House of Representatives (upstate New York), I got more votes than the head of the ticket, JFK; in 1962, I turned down the
13、Democratic nomination for U.S. Senate on the sensible ground that it was not winnable; I also had a pretty good memory in those days, now a-jangle with warning bells as I try to recall the national debt or, more poignantly, where I last saw my glasses.Ive just come across my “State of the Union” as
14、of 1972. In 1972, I begin: “According to the polls, our second principal concern today is the breakdown of law and order.” (What, I wonder, was the first? Lets hope it was the pointless, seven-yearat that pointwar in Southeast Asia.) I noted that to those die-hard conservatives, “law and order” is u
15、sually a code phrase meaning “get the blacks.” While, to what anorexic, vacant-eyed blonde women on TV now describe as the “liberal elite,” we were pushing the carefulthat is, slowelimination of poverty. But then, I say very mildly, we have only one political party in the United States, the Property Party, with two right wings, Republican and Democrat. Since I tended to speak to conservative audiences in such civilized places as Medford, Oregon; Parkersburg, West Virginia; and Longview, Washington, there are, predictably, a few gasps at this rejection o
