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1、虚虚拟拟语语气气1.概念：概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。是一种愿望、假设、或推测。2.一、虚拟语气在一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中非真实条件句中虚拟条件虚拟条件从句从句(If)主主句句与与现在现在事实相事实相反的假设反的假设与与过去过去事实相事实相反的假设反的假设与与将来将来事实相事实相反的假设反的假设过去式过去式be-wereshould/would/could/might+dohaddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone过去式过去式be-wereshoulddoweretod
2、oshould/would/could/might+do3.If you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam.过去虚拟过去虚拟1.1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议现在虚拟如果我是你，我会接受他的建议现在虚拟2.2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。将来虚拟如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。将来虚拟3.3.如果你以前好好学习，如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。你会通过考试的。If I were you,I would accept his advice.If it rainedshould rain/were to rain tom
3、orrow,I would stay at home.4.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntgetC.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot5.1.if从句中，从句中，省略省略if，were，had，should可以放在句可以放在句首，用于倒装结构，否认词首，用于倒装结构，否认词not不能放在前面。不能放在前面。1.If I were you,I would accept his advice.2.If it should
4、rain tomorrow,I would stay at home.3.If you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,WereIyou,Shoulditraintomorrow,.6._itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillIf it should rain tomorrow(省略if，用局部倒装7.2.错综时间虚拟语气错综时间虚拟语
5、气当当从句与主句时间不一致从句与主句时间不一致时时，动词的形式动词的形式要根要根据它所表示的时间作出据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。相应的调整。Ifyou_(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_(be)betternow.Ifyou_(study)hardbefore,you_(be)acollegestudentnow.had followedwould behad studiedwould be8.Ifyou_withGeorgeearlier,you_soangrynow.A.talked;wouldnotbeB.hadtalked;wouldnotbeC.wouldt
6、alk;wouldnotbeD.hadtalked;wouldnothavebeen9.Ifwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_soseriouslynow.A.isnotpollutedB.wouldnotbepollutedC.hadnotbeenpollutedD.wouldnothavebeenpolluted10.3 3、含蓄虚拟语气、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现ifif引导的条件句，而引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有常用的有otherw
7、ise otherwise，or or，withoutwithout，but forbut for倘没有，要不是等。倘没有，要不是等。1.I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.11.2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3.With
8、out/Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,12.Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe13.Butforhishelp,I_.A.shouldnothavesucceededB.havenotsucceededC.didnotsucceedD.hadnotsucceeded14.Hehesitatedforamomentbef
9、orekickingtheball,otherwisehe_agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored15.Itisstrangethat_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisnecessarythat_.有必要派他去北京。有必要派他去北京。二、虚拟语气在二、虚拟语气在主语从句主语从句中的使用中的使用1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/impossible that 主语主语+(should)+动词原形动词原形he(should)saysohebesent
10、toBeijing16.2.It is a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder that 主语+(should)+V原形Itisagreatpitythat_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。he(should)thinkso17.3.It is/was suggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/1234+that+主语主语+(should)+V原形原形Its suggested that the plan should be carried out.It is suggested that_.有人建议，
11、晚会周六举行。有人建议，晚会周六举行。the party shouldbeheld on Saturday 一个坚持一个坚持insisted 两道命令两道命令 ordered,commanded 三条建议三条建议 advised,suggested,proposed四点要求四点要求 demanded,required,requested,desired18.1.Itisrequiredthatyou_atsix.A.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.wouldarrive2.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_passtheexam.A.hasB.sho
12、uldC.wouldD.might19.3.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_cleaner.A.shouldbemadeB.ismadeC.wouldbemadeD.wasmade20.三三.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的使用中的使用1.在在wish引导的宾语从句中引导的宾语从句中与与现在现在事实相反事实相反与与过去过去事实相反事实相反与与将来将来事实相反事实相反过去时过去时were过去完成时、过去完成时、had+donecould have done Should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形Iwish(that)he_(
13、visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe_(visit)usyesterday.would visitvisitedhadvisited21.IwishI_themeetinglastweek.A.couldattendB.attendedC.haveattendedD.hadattended22.2.在表示坚持，要求在表示坚持，要求,命令命令,建议的宾语从句中建议的宾语从句中一个坚持一个坚持 _ 两个命令两个命令 _ 三个建议三个建议 _ 四个要求四个要求 _ +that 主语主语+should+V原形原形The doctor
14、 suggested that he(should)try tryto lose his weight.He insisted that we(should)tell tellhim the news.insist order,command advise,suggest,propose demand,require,request,desire 23.注意：注意：suggest:说明，暗示说明，暗示 陈述语气陈述语气 建议建议 虚拟语气虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _be)ill.Her friends suggested that she _(s
15、end)to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，：坚持说，陈述语气陈述语气 坚持要求坚持要求 虚拟语气虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal)the money.He insisted that he _ (set)free.was(should)besenthadntstolen(should)beset24.3.在在wouldrather宁愿宁愿wouldpreferwouldsooner+宾语从句中宾语从句中hadratherwouldassoon与与现在现在或或将来将来事实相反事实相反过去时过去时动词过去式动词过去式/wer
16、e与与过去过去事实相反事实相反过去完成时过去完成时haddoneIwouldratheryou_(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou_(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou_(nottell)methetruthyesterday.camehadnttoldcame25.四、虚拟语气的其他用法四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough好似好似+从句从句(与与wish一样一样)ifonly(要是要是就好了就好了IfonlyI_(be)abirdIfonlyyou_listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI_beasuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_it.werehadlistenedwouldbewerehadseen26.2.Itis(high/about)time+(that)从句从句动词过去式动词过去式should不可省略不可省略+do该是某人做某事的时候了。该是某人做某事的时候了。Itishightime
