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1、2022年考博英语-中国社会科学院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Most persons experience a （ ）increase in memory problems as they get older, particularly with regard to the ability to remember relatively recent experiences.问题1选项A.modestB.razor-sharpC.time-consumingD.prompt【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项modest“谦虚的；较小的”；B选项razor-sha
2、rp“锋利的；犀利的”；C选项time-consuming“耗时的；旷日持久的”；D选项prompt“敏捷的；迅速的”句意：随着年龄的增长，大多数人的记忆问题增多，在记忆相对较近期经历的能力方面更为明显。随着年龄增加，记忆问题是逐渐增多的，因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Wittingly or unwittingly, our courts are creating what the Reverend Richard John Neuhaus calls a “naked public square”, a secular community devoid of any religious
3、commitments.问题1选项A.deprived ofB.divested ofC.lacking inD.exempt from【答案】C【解析】句意：无论是有意还是无意，我们正在创建理查德约翰纽豪斯牧师所说的“赤裸的公共广场”，一个任何宗教信仰的世俗社区。A选项deprived of“被剥夺的；严重匮乏的”；B选项divested of“剥夺”；C选项lacking in“缺乏”；D选项exempt from“豁免；免除”。“赤裸的公共广场”意味着没有任何宗教信仰的束缚，因此C选项“缺乏”符合题意。3. 单选题At the same time, the Fund, United Na
4、tions Fund for Population Activities, works to change the paradigm of masculinity that allows for the resolution of conflict through violence.问题1选项A.modelB.covenantC.aspirationD.hurdle【答案】A【解析】句意：与此同时，人口基金，即联合国人口活动基金，正在努力改变男子气概的，这种允许通过暴力解决冲突。A选项model“模式”；B选项covenant“契约”；C选项aspiration“抱负”；D选项hurdle“障
5、碍”。由句意可知，“模式”更适合本句语境，因此A选项符合题意。4. 单选题It is intended that these guidelines should be applied flexibly and （ ）.问题1选项A.substantiallyB.pragmaticallyC.dogmaticallyD.reflexively【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项substantially“实质上；大体上”；B选项pragmatically“讲究实效地”；C选项dogmatically“武断地；教条主义地”；D选项reflexively“反身地”。句意：这些准则应灵活地并地实施。
6、联系选项可知B选项符合题意。5. 单选题Neither is it almost seen, that very beautiful persons are otherwise of great virtue, as if nature were rather busy not to（ ） than in labor to produce excellency.问题1选项A.errB.omitC.escalateD.slip【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项err“犯错；走上歧途”；B选项omit“省略；遗漏；疏忽”；C选项escalate“逐步增强；变得严重”；D选项slip“滑动；滑倒
7、”。句意：人不尽知：绝色无大德也；一如自然劳碌终日，但求无过，而无力制成上品。因此A选项符合题意。6. 单选题The two articles arouse suspicion. The theory? The novel? Since there is no such thing as the novel, how can there be a single theory? Or is the editor some soil of monist? Blinkered hedgehog in wild fox country? The jacket identifies in wild fo
8、x country? The jacket identifies Mr. Halperin as “Associate Professor and Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of English at the University of Southern California.” This is true academic weight. “He is also the author of The Language of Meditation: Four Studies in Nine-teenth-Century Ficti
9、on and Egoism and Self-Discovery in the Victorian Novel,” Well, meditation if not language is big in Southern California, where many an avocado tree shades its smogbound Zen master, while the Victorian novel continues to be a growth industry in Academe. Eagerly, one turns to Professor Halperins “A C
10、ritical Introduction” to nineteen essays by as many professors of English Professor Halperin has not an easy way with our rich language. Nevertheless, one opens his book in the hope that the prose of “some of the most distinguished critics of our time” will be better than his own.American professors
11、 of English have never had an easy time with French theoreticians of the novel (close scrutiny of the quotation from Barthes reveals that it was taken from an English not an American translation). Nevertheless, despite various hedges like “may inevitably,” Professor Halperin has recklessly enrolled
12、himself in the school of Paris (class of 56). As a result, he believes that the autonomous novel “is not created as a conscious representation of anything outside itself.” Aside from the presumption of pretending to know what any writer has in mind (is he inevitably but not consciously describing or
13、 mimicking the real world?), it is native to assume that a man-made novel can ever resemble a meteor fallen from outer space, a perfectly autonomous artifact whose raison detre is “with the relationships among the various structural elements within the work of fiction itself” rather than “between re
14、ader and text.” Apparently the novel is no longer what James conceived it, a story told, in Professor Halperins happy phrase, from “the limited perspective of a single sentient consciousness.” And so, in dubious battle, unconscious sentiencies clash in the English departments of the West with insent
15、ient consciousnesses.In general, Professor Halperins novel-theorists have nothing very urgent or interesting to say about literature. Why then do they write when they have nothing to say? Because the ambitious teacher can only rise in the academic bureaucracy by writing at complicated length about writing that has already been much written about. The result of all this book-chat cannot interest anyone who knows literature while those who would like to learn something about books can only be mystified and discouraged by these commentaries. Certain
