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1、运用概念整合理论理解英语委婉语Comprehending English Euphemism by Using Conceptual Integration TheoryAbstract Euphemisms are roundabout expressions, substituting indirect, vague,pleasant and mild words for more explicit and offensive ones, with the purpose of avoiding taboos, showing elegance or avoiding hurting ot
2、her peoples feelings.They are common phenomena in human language and also strategies of harmonizing interpersonal relationship and smoothing social communication. As Rawson mentioned, euphemisms are embedded so deeply in our language that few of us, even those who pride themselves on being plain-spo
3、ken, ever go through a day without them.Euphemisms are widely used in social communication ,some studies at home and abroad have made considerable achievements under the scopes of rhetoric, lexicography, semantics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, Fuzzy theory, pragmatics, and so on. However, fe
4、w researches have been conducted into the scope of cognitive semantics, especially within the framework of Conceptual Integration Theory. So the previous studies have not unfolded the cognitive process when euphemisms are used. Conceptual Integration (Blending) is a general cognitive operation on a
5、par with analogy,recursion, mental modeling, conceptual categorization, and framing. From the perspective of semantics, this theory urges the users to break the original semantic convention by describing something or some feelings unusual or even absurd when taken literally. From the aspect of cogni
6、tive linguistics, it refers to two mental spaces that are connected by cross-space mapping, and two input spaces that are projected onto a third space, which can be explained dynamically, i.e. the blended space by selective projection. Thus the new conceptual categorization is built, namely, the eme
7、rgent structure appears. This thesis is a tentative study that focuses on exploring the human cognitive activity and the process of meaning construction in the framework of Conceptual Integration Theory. This study aims to interpret English euphemism from a new perspective. Key Words: English euphem
8、ism;conceptual integration theory;comprehension内 容 摘 要 委婉语是一种迂回的表达方法，它以间接、含蓄、愉悦的说法代替直截了当、令人不悦的说法，其目的是回避禁忌、显示高雅、避免伤害他人。委婉语既是一种普遍的语言现象，也是一种调节人际关系、使社会交际顺畅的手段。正如Rawson所述，委婉语“渗透到我们的语言深处，没有哪一个人-包括那些自诩言谈最为直截了当的人-没有一天不使用委婉语的。”由此可见委婉语的使用之广泛。国内外的学者对委婉语的研究在修辞学、语义学、词典编纂、社会语言学、心理语言学、模糊语言学、语用学等诸多方面取得了很大的进展，但是在认知语
9、义学领域，尤其是在概念整合理论的框架下，对委婉语的研究却很少，以往的研究都未涉及到人类使用委婉语时的认知解读过程。 概念整合是一个不可缺少的与类比、递归、心理模式、概念范畴和框定同等的一般性认知操作。从语义学的角度来说，概念整合的语言使用者通过描述一种表面上看来不正常甚至荒谬的事情或情感以引起读者意外或震惊，促使读者及时调整他的概念范畴。从认知角度来讲，概念整合就是将两个输入心理空间通过跨空间的部分映射匹配起来，将两个输入空间有选择地投射到一个可以得到动态解释的空间，即合成空间，新的概念范畴得以建立。基于此，该选题尝试在概念整合理论的框架下对委婉语的意义建构进行认知解读，从而探索人类使用委婉语
10、时的认知活动。作者籍此为委婉语的研究提供一个新的视角。关键词：英语委婉语;概念整合理论;理解ContentsIntroduction11 Comprehension of Euphemism21.1 Definition of euphemism:a linguistic concept31.2 Function and Motives of Euphemism41.2.1 Substitution of taboo words51.2.2 Strategic use of language72. Conceptual Integration Theory92.1 Conceptual Int
11、egration102.1.1 Discovery of Conceptual Integration102.1.2 Characteristics of Conceptual Integration102.1.3 Role of Conceptual Integration112.2 The Network Model of Conceptual Integration113. Application of Conceptual Integration Theory in Comprehending Euphemism133.1 General Description143.2 Fusion
12、 with Selection193.3 Asymmetric Topicality203.4 Category Extension and Change233.5 Directionality25Conclusion28Notes29Acknowledgments31Introduction According to Faucolulier&Turner , Conceptual Integration Theory has a big power of interpreting various levels of meaning construction. This study is of
13、 significance in that it may bring the study of euphemisms to a new stage by offering a firm theoretical basis for the explanation of euphemism. In China, euphemisms are paid more attention to, especially when we mention taboos. In general, we may introduce this research result of English euphemism
14、studies into China combined with an examination of what have been achieved domestically in an effort to explore possibilities of research in various academic aspects, and of the ways in which euphemisms could be integrated in promotion of interpersonal relations. Traditional linguistics regard euphe
15、mism as decoration of language form. Therefore, euphemism is only studied in rhetoric, lexicography, semantics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, Fuzzy Theory, and pragmatics and so on. In fact, euphemism has two aspects: motivation and cognition. Motivation refers tothe reason of creating euphem
16、ism, while cognition refers to the activity or process of understanding euphemism. Current study of cognitive linguistics and psychology shows that euphemism is not only an important expression of language, but also an important expression of cognition, concept and thought. The meaning of euphemism is not the simple, direct combination
