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1、2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Everybody knows that the earth is spherical, _?问题1选项A.doesnt heB.doesnt sheC.dont theyD.doesnt it【答案】C【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：每个人都知道地球是球形的，不是吗？当陈述句的主语是everybody时，反义疑问句的主语用they。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题It is not considered _ to litter in public.问题1选项A.respectfulB.respectiveC.respect
2、edD.respectable【答案】D【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项respectful“恭敬的”，指尊敬他人；B选项respective“分别的”，指各自分别的；C选项respected“受尊敬的”，指受到别人尊敬；D选项respectable“值得尊敬的”，指值得别人尊敬，有好名声。句意：在公共场所乱扔垃圾被认为是值得尊敬的。本句表示乱扔垃圾不值得别人尊敬。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题Laziness is a sin, everyone knows that. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is
3、 immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They
4、may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work; some peo
5、ple are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever “lesser” work is on hand. Still other people are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinatingrescheduling their day.Laziness can actually be helpful
6、. Like procrastinators (拖延者), some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating, researching. We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was “goofing off (游手好闲)”, Newton wasnt working in the orchard when the apple
7、hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone “lazy” build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that “laziness” were caused by the workers taking time to check each step of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being “lady”that is, taking time off
8、for a rest-is good for an overworked student or, executive. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor whos simply working himself overtime too many evenings, at the clinic. So be careful when youre tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be t
9、hinking, resting, or planning his or her next book.1. The main idea of this passage is that _.2. The passage states that _.3. Which of the following conclusion does the passage support?4. The final paragraph is _.5. The word “devised” in Para. 2 means _.问题1选项A.laziness is a moral sinB.there are adva
10、ntages and disadvantages in being lazyC.laziness indicates deep-seated emotional problemsD.lazy people do more careful work问题2选项A.laziness is a diseaseB.some lazy people are insecureC.laziness is more beneficial than harmfulD.a good definition of laziness is emotional illness问题3选项A.The word laziness
11、 is sometimes applied incorrectly.B.Most of the time laziness is a virtue.C.Most assembly line workers are lazy.D.Most insecure people are lazy.问题4选项A.somberB.humorousC.seriousD.trite (陈腐的)问题5选项A.formulateB.understoodC.wroteD.proved【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲了懒惰是一种罪恶，第二段又指出懒惰也会起到
12、很大的作用，说明本文主要讲的是懒惰的坏处和好处。因此B选项“懒惰有好处也有坏处”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“懒惰是一种道德上的罪恶”，C选项“懒惰表明了根深蒂固的情感问题”，D选项“懒惰的人做的工作更仔细”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A, C, D错误。2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第五句They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas
13、stolen.（他们可能非常不信任他们的同事，以至于无法参加任何小组任务，因为害怕被嘲笑或担心他们的想法被窃取。），说明懒惰表明了一种根深蒂固的情感问题。因此D选项“对于懒惰的一个很好的定义是情感疾病”正确。A选项“懒惰是一种疾病”，B选项“一些懒惰的人没有安全感”，C选项“懒惰的好处多于坏处”在文中均没有提及，所以A, B, C错误。3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后两句So be careful when youre tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning h
14、is or her next book.（所以当你想说别人懒的时候要小心。那个人可能正在思考、休息或计划他或她的下一本书。），说明有时形容别人懒惰并不准确。因此A选项“懒惰这个词有时被错误地应用”正确。B选项“大多数时候，懒惰是一种美德”，C选项“大多数装配线工人都是懒惰的”，D选项“大多数没有安全感的人都是懒惰的”在文中均没有提及，所以B, C, D错误。4.观点态度题。由第二段可知，作者用一种轻松诙谐的笔调把懒惰和成功联系起来说明懒惰有哪些好处，观点十分新颖。因此B选项“幽默的”正确。A选项“阴沉的”，C选项“严肃的”，D选项“陈腐的”均不符合题意，所以A, C, D错误。5.语义推测题。
15、由题干关键词“devised”可以定位到文章第二段第三句Newton wasnt working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity.（当牛顿被苹果砸到，发明了引力理论时，他并不在果园里工作。），说明“devised”在文中是指“发明”的意思。因此A选项“发明”正确。B选项“理解”，C选项“写下”，D选项“证明”均不符合题意，所以B, C, D错误。4. 单选题In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt from the doctors: salt is bad for you regardless of your health. Politicians also got on board. “There is a direct relationship,” US congressman Neal Smith noted, “between the amount of sodium a person consumes
