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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Mr. Smith became very _ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. ingenious 精巧的；新颖独特的 B. empirical 经验主义的C. objective 客观的 D. indignant 愤慨的；愤怒的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】句意：当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，
2、他变得非常。根据逻辑，当有人指出自己错误的时候，人们会感到非常愤怒。因此史密斯先生被指出错误时会变得愤怒。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常愤怒。2. 翻译题人们不会再建造大学校，而是会缩减现今存在的学校的规模以满足不断变化的学生需求，这些学生愿意把很多时间花在不到校学习上。随着每天到校的学生越来越少，需要的设备也就越来越少，那么，在设备上的投资也就越来越少，设备的价值很快也就丧失了。教育机构的电脑会被连接到能提供几乎是没有限制的计算能力和不断更新的软件的网络上。在科技和基础设施上节省下来的资金会被用到
3、为所有学生提供更好的教学设施，通过掌上电脑给所有学生提供可以进入到计算机网络中心的接入口。学生将用这些掌上电脑完成所有的学习任务，上传和下载信息，打印报告，进入网络，还有就是存储他们研究的结果。不公正并不会在2010年就消失。然而，无论是因为经济等级，还是精神或体格的需要，富人和穷人之间的不平等会直接通过政策，管理和经济上的优先权加以削弱。这些优先权会促使将用于建筑和管理的费用转向以学生为驱动的费用，即为所有的学生准备可以进入到先进学习环境的必备的学习工具。所有的学生都将有机会让他们自己为充满竞争的新经济社会做好准备。教育机会不再会因为个人出身低或是没有资源而被损失掉。社区会在教育中扮演更为重
4、要的角色。当地的企业会在学生的专业实习准备中发挥重要的作用。这些企业如果在此活动中表现突出的话，可以接受税务减免。【答案】【参考译文】A Vision of Education in the Year 20103. 翻译题Simplicity is the outward sign and symbol of depth of thought. It seems to me simplicity is about the most difficult thing to achieve in scholarship and writing. How difficult is clarity of
5、 thought, and yet it is only as thought becomes clear that simplicity is possible. When we see a writer belaboring and idea we may be sure that the idea is belaboring him. This is proved by the general fact that the lectures of a young college assistant instructor, freshly graduated with high honors
6、, are generally abstruse and involved, and the true simplicity of thought and ease of expression are to be found only in the words of the older professors.Simplicity presupposes digestion and also maturity: as we grow older, our thoughts become clearer, insignificant and perhaps false aspects of a q
7、uestion are cut off and cease to disturb us, ideas take on more definite shapes and long trains of thought gradually shape themselves into a convenient formula which suggests itself to us one fine morning, and we arrive at that true luminosity of knowledge which is called wisdom. There is no longer
8、sense of effort, and truth becomes simple to understand because it becomes clear.【答案】简朴是思想深度的外在标志和象征。在我看来，简朴是在学术和写作中最难做到的事情。思想清晰是很难的，然而只有当思想变得清晰时，简朴才会实现。当我们看到一个作家绞尽脑汁的时候，或许这个想法正在折磨他。这一观点通常被如下事实所证明：一个刚毕业的高材生做了学校的助教，他写出的文章通常深奥难懂，而只有老教授才能有简明的思想和简易的表达。简朴意味着领悟和成熟。随着年龄的增长，我们的思想会变得更清晰，无用或者错误的东西将不会困扰我们。思想更明
9、确，而且经过长期的训练，我们的思想逐渐形成了它自己简明的模式，这暗示了思想清晰的开始。届时，我们的思想达到了真正的高度，这就叫“智慧”。于是，真理变得简单，而且理解不费力，因为它变得更清晰了。4. 单选题The crisis in our industry was _ by intense competition from foreign producers.问题1选项A.brought onB.brought forwardC.brought upD.brought round【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. brought on 导致；引起 B. brought forward 提出；提
10、前C. brought up 提出；教育；养育 D. brought round 使改变观点；说服【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：我们工业的危机是由外国生产商的激烈竞争。根据逻辑，外国生产商的激烈竞争可能会引起我国的工业危机。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】我们工业的危机是由外国生产商的激烈竞争引起的。5. 翻译题在日常生活中，力似乎是靠“直接接触”（direct contact）来传递的。【答案】In daily life, power seems to be transferred by direct contact.6. 单
11、选题In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”feeling important and worthwhile and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure” finding life enjoyableare not always the identical. Women often are told “You cant have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “Y
12、ou chose a career, so you cant expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and childrenWhats all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study sh
13、ows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is compo
14、sed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could
15、 be damaged for a time.The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who were not employed.A womans well-being is enhanced when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood,
