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1、2011年 浙江大学 浙大 考博 英语 真题 听力 选择题 原文2011年03月21日 星期一 15:53第一篇Among my experiences as a college president is the all-too-frequent phone call in the night that begins: One of your students is in the emergency room with alcohol poisoning. The whole country got a similar wake-up call in June when it was repo
2、rted that alcohol abuse on college campuses is on the rise, especially for women, and that college students drink far more than nonstudents. One statistic showed that college students spend more money on alcohol while in college than on books. Alcohol abuse, although tragic, is but one symptom of a
3、larger campus crisis. A generation has come to college quite fragile, not very secure about who it is, fearful of its lack of identity and without confidence in its future. Many students are ashamed of themselves and afraid of relationships.Students use alcohol as an escape. Its used as an excuse fo
4、r bad behavior: the insanity defense writ large on campus. This diminished sense of self has caused a growth in racism, sexism, attempted suicide, theft, property-damage and cheating on most campuses.This is not the stuff of most presidents public conversations. Nor can it be explained away as an un
5、derclass problem; it is found on our most privileged campuses. It is happening because the generation now entering college has experienced few authentic connections with adults in its lifetime. I call this the Culture of Neglect, and we parents, teachers, professors and administrators are the primar
6、y architects.It begins at home, where social and economic factors such as declining incomes requiring longer work hours result in less family time. Young people have been allowed to or must take part-time jobs rather than spending time in school, on homework or with their families. More children and
7、 youths are being reared in a vacuum, with television as their only supervisor, and there is little expectation that they learn personal responsibility. Immersed in themselves, they are left to their peers.31. The main idea of the first paragraph is that () .正确答案为CA it is easy to be a college presid
8、entB a college president has to sit up till midnightC alcohol abuse is quite common on campusD it is harmful for college students to drink alcohol32. According to the author, college students turn to alcohol as a(n) ().正确答案为CA inspirationB stimulationC escapeD relaxation33. The word architects in Pa
9、ra. 2 can be best replaced by ().正确答案为DA artistsB expertsC discoverersD designers34. How do parents react to the Culture of Neglect?()正确答案为BA Parents have lowered their expectations on children.B Parents take little care of the growth of their children.C Parents spend too much time watching televisi
10、on.D Parents fail to cooperate with teachers and administrators.35. What is the main problem with the children brought up in the Culture of Neglect?()正确答案为CA They cant read or write well.B They can hardly find a good job.C They dont have the sense of responsibility.D They are more likely to commit c
11、rimes.第二篇Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competi
12、tive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organiz
13、ations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organiz
14、ations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwen
15、k interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more consi
