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1、2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考前模拟强化练习题(附答案详解)1. 单选题If you reinstate old-fashioned values about money and work, you can give your children a precious gift: the key to self-sufficiency.问题1选项A.resolveB.restoreC.redressD.resort【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. resolve 解决(问题或困难) B. restore 恢复(某种情况或感受)C. redress 纠正,矫正 D. resort 诉诸,
2、求助于【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】reinstate的意思为“使恢复原职,使重返岗位”,在这里指的是恢复对传统价值观的信任,让传统价值观再次发挥作用,restore与之词义相近,因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】如果你恢复关于金钱和工作的传统价值观,你就可以给你的孩子一份珍贵的礼物,也就是自给自足的关键。2. 单选题Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?问题1选项A.senselessB.un
3、importantC.indifferentD.uninteresting【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. senseless 无意义的,无目的的 B. unimportant 不重要的C. indifferent 漠不关心,不感兴趣 D. uninteresting 不吸引人的,无趣的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】of no account的意思为“不重要的”,这里在问在美国,知识分子是否被认为无足轻重,unimportant与之词义相近,因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】美国知识分子在他所处的社会中被排斥,被认为无足轻重,这是真的吗?3. 填
4、空题There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school Ihave taught has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. A B C D【答案】C have taught改为have taught in【解析】【考查点】从句。【解题思路】I have taught是修饰school的定语从句,从句的完整句子为I have taught in
5、school,当school作为先行词放于从句之前时,介词应该保留,因此C部分应为have taught in。【句意】家长们普遍认为学校不再重视拼写。我所任教的学校从来没有忽视过拼写,或认为拼写是一项基本技能,根本不重要。4. 单选题As more and more African Americans moved away from segregated housing, they had less connection to the vernacular and more occasion to speak standard American English.问题1选项A.restrict
6、edB.isolatedC.outdatedD.exhausted【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. restricted 限制,限定(数量、范围等) B. isolated (使)隔离,孤立C. outdated (新东西)使过时 D. exhausted 使筋疲力尽【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】segregated的意思为“隔离并区别对待(不同种族、宗教或性别的人)”,这里指的是这些房屋和其他地方是隔离开的,非裔美国人就住在这片区域,isolated与之词义相近,因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】随着越来越多的非裔美国人搬离被隔开的住房,他们与当
7、地方言的联系越来越少,在更多场合中说标准的美式英语。5. 填空题Looking at those stars, I grasped, for the first time in my life, the awesome concept of _. (finite)【答案】infinity【解析】【考查点】名词。【解题思路】concept of _是名词所有格,横线处应该是名词,结合在看星星的语境,infinity意思为“无限”,符合语境。【句意】看着那些星星,我生平第一次明白了无限这个令人惊叹的概念。6. 填空题Taste is such a subjective matter that we
8、 dont usually conduct preference tests for food. But because the two big cola companiesCoca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, weve wondered how big a role taste preference A B Cactually plays for brand loyalty. D【答案】D for改为in【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】play a role in sth.为固定搭配,其意思为“在中起作用”,ho
9、w big a role到句尾的部分还原成一般陈述语序为taste preference actually plays a big role in brand loyalty,所以D部分应为in。【句意】因为口味是主观问题,所以一般不会对食物进行偏好测试。但由于两大可乐公司可口可乐和百事可乐的营销非常激进,我们想知道口味偏好在品牌忠诚度中到底起到了多大作用。7. 填空题Although personality change is _ difficult, sometimes people can change the most dysfunctional aspects of their fe
10、elings and behavior. (exceed)【答案】exceedingly【解析】【考查点】副词。【解题思路】在is _ difficult中,is和difficult是系动词和表语,横线所在内容修饰形容词difficult,应该为副词,exceedingly“极其”符合语境,指的是性格的改变极其困难。【句意】虽然性格的改变极其困难,但有时人们可以改变他们的感觉和行为中最不正常的方面。8. 单选题Coal beds contain appreciable quantities of methane, the principal component of natural gas.
11、In coal deposits, methane is often dispersed throughout the pores and fractures of the coal bed.问题1选项A.softenedB.decayedC.circulatedD.trickled【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. softened (使)变软,软化 B. decayed (使)腐烂,腐朽C. circulated (液体或气体)环流,循环 D. trickled (使)滴,淌,小股流淌【答案】C【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】dispersed的意思为“(使)分散,散开”,指的是甲烷这种气
12、体在煤层的孔隙和裂缝循环流动,结合语境,circulated与之词义相近,因此C选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】煤层含有大量甲烷,这是天然气的主要成分。在煤矿床中,甲烷往往分散在煤层的孔隙和裂缝中。9. 单选题Angry engineers challenged the statistical significance of the studys small sample and labeled it sloppy science.问题1选项A.carelessB.doubtfulC.invalidD.worthless【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. carel
13、ess 不仔细的,粗心的(没有足够的关注和思考) B. doubtful 不确定的,怀疑的C. invalid 病弱者 D. worthless 没用的,无价值的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】sloppy的意思为“马虎的,草率的(缺乏关心、思考或努力)”,在这里指研究的样本太小,这样的研究非常随意,欠缺考虑,careless与之词义相近,因此A选项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】愤怒的工程师们质疑这项研究中小样本的统计意义,并将其贴上草率的标签。10. 单选题Independent auditors from KPMG say they are preparing to closely scrutinize organizational and operational ch