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1、考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题He discovered, to his mortification, that is young son knew much more about the subject than he did.问题1选项A.surpriseB.decorationC.delightD.humiliation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A项surprise“惊奇，诧异”，B项decoration“装饰，装潢”，C项delight“高兴”，D项humiliation“丢脸，耻辱，蒙羞”。句意：使他感到难堪的是，他发现他的小儿子在这方面比他懂得多
2、。根据句意可知，mortification在句中表示“难堪”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是D项。因此，该题选择D项。2. 单选题You have to have your library card with you if you want to borrow books, _?问题1选项A.havent youB.will youC.mustnt youD.dont you【答案】D【解析】考查附加疑问句。附加疑问句，即反意疑问句，指在陈述句后面对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。这个句子的陈述部分用的动词是have to，表示肯定，且是一个实义动词，所以反意疑问句应该使用助动词do的否定，D项符合
3、。A选项存在的前提是前面的陈述句里用了助动词have，如：You have done it, havent you?但是这个句子里面的have to是一个实意动词，A项错误。B项和C项同理，都需要陈述句里有will或must才正确。因此，该题选择D项。3. 单选题Lodger: Im terribly sorry that I broke your precious vase. Ill pay for it.Landlady: _问题1选项A.Cant complain.B.Never mind.C.Relax yourself.D.Take care.【答案】B【解析】考查语义。句意：对不起
4、，我打碎了你珍贵的花瓶，我会赔的。 。别人因损害了自己的利益或冒犯了自己而道歉时，客气的应答为never mind“没关系”，所以B符合；A项“(生活/工作)还行”，C项“放松点”，D项“保重”，都不符合对话场景。4. 单选题Social scientists have established fairly clear-cut _ that describe the appropriate behavior of children and adults, but there seems to be confusion about what constitutes appropriate beh
5、avior for adolescents.问题1选项A.functionsB.rigiditiesC.normsD.castes【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A项function“功能，职责”，B项rigidity“硬度，严格，刻板”，C项norm“标准，规范”，D项cast“投掷，抛”。根据句子可知，空格处缺少一个名词，并且后面的that是作定语从句修饰空格，它的意思是“描述儿童和成人的适当行为”，那么结合选项可推测，这个定语从句修饰的名词是“规范”。句意：社会科学家已经建立了相当明确的规范，描述儿童和成人的适当行为，但青少年的适当行为是由什么构成的，似乎还存在困惑。因此，该题选择C项。
6、5. 单选题A liquid can be kept in an open container and fill it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but _ to diffuse throughout the space available.问题1选项A.tendsB.intendsC.inclinesD.contends【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项tend表示“趋向，倾向，照料”，tend to表示“趋向，注意，易于”，指朝着一个方向发展或者有某种品质；B项intend表示“打算，想要，意指
7、”，intend to表示“打算做，想要”；C项incline表示“倾向于，（使）倾向于，赞同（某人或某事）”，incline to表示“倾向于，向倾斜”，指倾向于用某种方式思考或者表现，被要求做某事；D项contend表示“竞争，奋斗，斗争”，不和to搭配。根据句子的主语gas（气体），结合but转折后面的动词diffuse（扩散）可知，A项“倾向于”符合语境。句意：液体可以保存在一个开放的容器中，并将其装满到一个自由面的水平；气体没有形成自由面，而是倾向于在整个可用的空间中扩散。因此，该题选择A项正确。6. 单选题Nearly two thousand years have passed
8、since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate t
9、he weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and evaluating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest
10、purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnished by governmental agencies and private organizations are eagerly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not
11、 tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were aired at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was
12、 the thought that business forecasting might Well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement and endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, would have asso
13、ciated more readily with the description of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the President-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually i
14、n order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the conviction, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts ha
15、ve their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exactitude.43. Taxation in Roman days apparently was based on _.44. The American Statistical Association _.45. The message the author wishes the reader to get is _.46 The “greatest story ever told” referred to in the passage is the story of _.问题1选项A.wealthB.mobilityC.population
