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1、2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题I know youve got a smooth tongue, so dont talk me（ ）buying it.问题1选项A.awayB.downC.outD.into【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项talk away“不断的谈”；B选项 talk down“说服，驳倒”；C选项 talk out“讲出来”；D选项talk into“说服某人做某事”。句意：我知道你很会说话，所以不要劝我买这个。选项D符合语境。2. 单选题Human societies the world over have con
2、fronted the same existential problems and have come to remarkably（ ）solutions, differing only in superficial details.问题1选项A.identicalB.diverseC.variedD.similar【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项identical“完全相同的”；B选项diverse“不同的，多种多样的”；C选项varied“各式各样的”；D选项similar“相似的”。句意：人类社会都会面临同样的生存问题，但都能找到非常相似的解决方案，只是在表面的细节上有所不同。选
3、项D符合语境。3. 单选题Sometimes artists find it hard for their work to win popular（ ）.问题1选项A.welcomeB.applauseC.appetiteD.appreciation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项welcome“欢迎”；B选项applause“欢呼，喝彩”；C选项appetite“食欲，嗜好”；D选项appreciation“欣赏，鉴别”。句意：有时候，艺术家发现他们的作品很难赢得大众的欣赏。选项D符合语境。4. 单选题Water problems in the future will become m
4、ore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more co
5、mplex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it i
6、s apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid
7、wastes “prior to” disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement
8、. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former
9、waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products.1. The purpose of this passage is（ ）.2. Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?3. The reader can conclude that（ ）.4. The author gives substance to the passage through the
10、use of（ ）.5. The words “prior to” (para. 2) probably mean（ ）.问题1选项A.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyB.to explain industrial uses of waterC.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsD.to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem问题2选项A.Industrial developmen
11、t includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.B.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.C.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population.D.Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals.问题3选项A.countries of the world will work together on pollutio
12、n problemsB.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplaceC.science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesD.some industries are now making economic use of wastes问题4选项A.interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsB.opinions and personal observationsC.definit
13、ions which clarify important termsD.strong arguments and persuasions问题5选项A.afterB.duringC.beforeD.beyond【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文第一段首先指出未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂，尤其是污水问题。接下来在二三段主要讲解决污水问题的方法。所以本文主要的目的是为了让人们了解污水问题，选项C正确。2.细节事实题。根据第一段第二、三句“Our increasing population will tremendously increase u
14、rban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. 我们不断增长的人口将极大地增加城市垃圾，主要是污水。另一方面，对水的需求增加将大大减少可用来稀释废物的水量。”可知选项B和选项C均有涉及；根据第一段倒数第二句“This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural c
15、hemicals. 这将涉及越来越多的农用化学品。”可知选项D有涉及。根据第一段第四句“Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes 快速发展的工业涉及越来越复杂的化学过程”，并没有说工业发展包括简化复杂的化学过程，所以选项A与原文表述不符。3.判断推理题。根据最后一段最后两句“Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products. 许多行业，如肉类和家禽加工厂，目前正在将以前的废物转化为可销售的副产品。其他行业是废物的潜在经济用途。”也就是说，一些行业现在正在经济地利用废物，选项D符合原文。4.判断推理题。从全文来看，作者只是在表
