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1、2022-2023年考博英语-西安交通大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The（ ） of the lake is covered with reeds and rushes.问题1选项A.bankB.shoreC.bandD.coast【答案】A【解析】bank岸, 浅滩；shore海滨；band环, 乐队；coast海岸。选项B和D多指海, 选项C不符合句意。只有选项A正确。2. 单选题Orange juice and beef form part of the diet of many people in Mexico and other countries of the Amer
2、icas. But the traces of antibiotics and fungicides they can contain pose risks to human health, and authorities in the region have begun to address the problem.In January 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a ban on extralabel or unapproved uses of cephalosporin antimicrobial d
3、rugs in cattle, swine, chickens and turkeys as of April 2012.As a result, Mexico will be forced to gradually eliminate the use of this class of antimicrobial drugs in order to continue to export products to markets like the United States, because cattle in Mexico, which has a total herd of 25 millio
4、n head according to the ministry of agriculture, receive large doses of antibiotics like penicillin, tetracycline and cephalosporins to prevent bacterial infections.Mexicos ministry of agriculture has actually a manual for good livestock practices regarding raising beef in feedlots, which recommends
5、 only using registered medications, not using approved combinations of medicines, and using narrow spectrum antimicrobials to treat a specific disease whenever possible.In addition, regulations for the National Animal Identification System are pending approval. The system, which covers cattle, sheep
6、, goats, horses, swine and bees, will provide for complete traceability of animals and products.A number of scientific studies have found traces of drugs in animal products. One example is the study carried out in the western Mexican state of Jalisco, the countrys leading milk producer “Evaluation o
7、f the presence of antibiotic and chemotherapy residues in milk in Jalisco, Mexico”, published in 2009 in the Animal Health Journal.It can be concluded that there is a problem of contamination with antimicrobials in the milk consumed in Jalisco, in violation of the countrys regulations, says the stud
8、y by five researchers at the University Center on Biological and Agricultural Sciences of the University of Guadalajara.Of the 264 samples analyzed, 26 (9.8 percent) had residues of antimicrobial drugs, and 77 percent of the samples that tested positive for traces had at least one sulfonamide.Since
9、Mexico produces more than 1 0 billion liters of milk a year, according to ministry of agriculture figures, “Mexico should shift to a policy of non-chemical controls,” said the chief researcher. The International Programme on Chemical Safety, a cooperative programme, of the World Health Organization,
10、 International Labor Organization and UN Environment Programme says the fungicide can remain in the soil for up to three years.However these issues are not addressed by the National Strategy for Sustainable Production and Consumption that the Mexican government is drafting.1.Which of the following c
11、an be a statement of the main idea of this passage?2.The National Animal Identification System （ ）.3.There has been evidence that（ ） .4.“Mexico should shift to a policy of non-chemical controls” means（ ） .5.Fungicides call remains in the soil for up to（ ） .6.The topic of this passage is（ ） .7.The to
12、ne of this passage can be described as（ ） .8.The word “addressed” (Line 1, last paragraph)can be best replaced by（ ） .问题1选项A.Orange juice and beef form part &the diet of many Mexican people.B.Mexico exports cattle, swine, chickens and turkeys to the United States every year.C.Mexico should keep trac
13、es of antibiotics out of food.D.Mexican Ministry of Agriculture fails to control food products问题2选项A.has been approved recently by the Ministry of Agriculture of MexicoB.can trace animals and the products from themC.standardizes animal raising in the worldD.has been drafted by the experts of the agr
14、icultural ministry experts问题3选项A.Mexican animal products have traces of drugs used in the course of their growthB.he United States announced a ban on animal products from MexicoC.contamination with antimicrobials has been widely found in Mexican food productsD.77 % Of Mexican animal products have tr
15、aces of chemicals问题4选项A.Mexico should prohibit the Use of chemicals in animalsB.Mexico should adopt a policy of not controlling chemical usesC.Mexican government controlled chemical use in the past, but not in the futureD.Mexican government should change the policy of not controlling chemicals问题5选项A.three daysB.three weeksC.three monthsD.three years问题6选项A.Mexican dietary traditionsB.Mexican agricultural produceC.contamination of Mexican animal food productsD.Mexican sustainable production问题7选项A.affectiveB.critical
