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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题As the train will not leave until one hour later, we （ ）grab a bite at the snack bar.问题1选项A.may wellB.just as wellC.might as wellD.as well【答案】C【解析】句意: 既然火车一小时后才开，我们不妨去快餐店吃点东西。固定搭配。might as well不妨，最好。2. 单选题The use of deferential （敬重的）language is symbolic of the
2、Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts.
3、The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly （谨言慎行）in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic （语言的）ideal. They are using fewer of the very
4、deferential “womens” forms, and even using the few strong forms that are known as “mens.” This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of womens language. Indeed, we didnt hear about “mens language，until people began to re
5、spond to girls appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption” of womens language-which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality-and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are re
6、gularly carried out by the media.Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to “grow into”after all, it is a sign not simply of femininity
7、, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of ones social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older womenin a fashion analogous to little girls use of a high-pitched
8、 voice to do “teacher talk” or “mother talk” in role play.The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change-of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the “niasculization” of girls. In some instances, it may be a si
9、gn that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be “masculine”. Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out
10、. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like “masculine” speech may seem to an adolescent like “liberated” or “hip
11、” speech.1.The first paragraph describes in detail （ ）.2.What change has been observed in todays young Japanese women?3.How do some people react to womens appropriation of mens language forms as reported in the Japanese media?4.According to Yoshiko Matsumoto, the linguistic behavior observed in toda
12、ys young women（ ）.5.The author believes that the use of assertive language by young Japanese women is（ ）.问题1选项A.the standards set for contemporary Japanese womenB.the Confucian influence on gender norms in JapanC.the stereotyped role of women in Japanese familiesD.the norms for traditional Japanese
13、women to follow问题2选项A.They pay less attention to their linguistic behavior.B.The use fewer of the deferential linguistic forms.C.They confuse male and female forms of language.D.They employ very strong linguistic expressions.问题3选项A.They call for a campaign to stop the defeminization.B.The see it as
14、an expression of womens sentimentC.They accept it as a modem trend.D.They express strong disapproval.问题4选项A.may lead to changes in social relationsB.has been true of all past generationsC.is viewed as a sign of their maturityD.is a result of rapid social progress问题5选项A.a sure sign of their defeminiz
15、ation and maturationB.an indication of their defiance against social changeC.one of their strategies to compete in a male-dominated societyD.an inevitable trend of linguistic development in Japan today【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一句就点明主旨: The use of deferential （敬重的）language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan (使用敬语是儒家理想女性的象征，它主宰着日本保守的性别规范), 可知B “儒家思想统治着日本严格的性别规范”正确。2.细节事实题。第二段指出: They are using fewer of the very deferential “womens” forms, and even using the few strong forms
