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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题He is not shy about naming the names of the famous women who have succumbed to his romantic（ ）.问题1选项A.wieldsB.wilesC.tacitD.tiles【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项wields“拿着（武器、工具或设备）；掌握（权力）”；B选项wiles“花言巧语；巧计；引诱”；C选项tacit“默许的，心照不宣的”；D选项tiles“（贴墙或铺地用的）瓷砖，地毯，地板；（覆盖屋顶的）瓦片”。句意：他毫不羞
2、于说出那些被他浪漫的（ ）所征服的著名女性的名字。只有wiles“花言巧语”和romantic“浪漫”可搭配，也符合语境。因此B选项正确。2. 翻译题美国有五分之四的人在工作中感受到压力。是什么原因引起的工作压力呢？许多人认为不公平或不切实际的工作量是其中一个主要原因。这种工作量常常会导致个人生活和职业生活失衡。另一个原因是缺乏工作安全感。如果你不停地担心下周是否还能有工作，压力就会进入并占领你的生活。如果你还需要养家、养孩子，情况就更会如此。【答案】Four out of five Americans feel pressure at work. What causes work press
3、ure?Many people believe that unfair or unrealistic workloads are one of the main reasons. This kind of workload often leads to an imbalance between personal and professional lives. Another reason is lack of job security. If you are constantly worrying about whether you will have a job next week, str
4、ess will enter and take over your life. This is especially true if you still need to support your family and children.3. 单选题Sharks have an undeserved reputation for being bloodthirsty killers that routinely make snacks out of tourists. Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small
5、, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.It seems sharks have a mighty craving for these vital intercontinental communication links, which has set Google on a mission to reinforce its transPacific cables by wrapping them in a Kevlarlike material. G
6、oogle product manager Dan Belcher revealed their shark-proofing efforts at a marketing meeting in Boston, Network World reports.But why are sharks zeroing in on our global communication networks? Sharks have an uncanny ability to sense electromagnetic fields in the water using tiny detectors in thei
7、r snouts called ampulla of Lorenzini. The organs, which look like freckles, sense even minute changes to electrical fields in the water, helping sharks find prey, navigate or locate fiber-optic cables.“No doubt the electromagnetic felds associated with these wires are highly attractive to these shar
8、ks,” George Burgess, director of the Florida Program for Shark Research, told USA. Interestingly, sharks dont seem to be lured to the older copper cables that run underwater. Its led to speculation that sharks confuse the high-voltage, magnetic emissions from fiber-optic cables with the signals give
9、n off by fish. Updated cables will thus likely protect the sharks and reduce energy-wasting attacks. Sharks have been giving global communications companies headaches since the 1980s. According to the New York Time, a few shark teeth were found planted in a cable of the Canary Islands in 1985. Every
10、 year, more than 50 repairs are needed on undersea transcontinental communication lines due to damage from wildlife, fishing trawlers and earthquakes, The Guardian reports. Googles reinforced cables will be installed as part of a new $300 million system connecting the United States to Japan, accordi
11、ng to a press release from project partner NEC. It will result in an Internet connection that relays information across the Pacific Ocean at 60 terabytes per second. Thats good news for Internet users, but maybe the sharks have a hidden reason: Perhaps theyre simply fed up with fear-mongering docume
12、ntaries that cast them in a negative light.1.What does “the same” in Paragraph 1 refer to?2.What is emphasized in Paragraph 2?3.Why do sharks bite fiber-optic cables?4.It can be learned that sharks（ ）.5.What is the main topic of the passage?问题1选项A.The killers making snacks out of tourists.B.The risk
13、 of getting eaten by sharks.C.The undeserved reputation of sharks.D.The small chance of shark attacks.问题2选项A.The damage to cables caused by sharks.B.The cost of undersea cable lines.C.The function of underwater cameras.D.The development of undersea cables.问题3选项A.They mistake cables for fish.B.They l
14、ike biting cable-shaped objects.C.They are curious about cables.D.They enjoy the taste of cables.问题4选项A.like both copper cables and fiber-optic cablesB.prefer copper cables to fiber-optic cablesC.are attracted to fiber-optic cables onlyD.are attracted to copper cables only问题5选项A.Sharks are no bloodt
15、hirsty killers.B.How sharks pick signals from cables.C.Sharks benefit from electrical field.D.Fiber-optic cables are sharks prey.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.词义猜测题。由“Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.（尽管被鲨鱼吃掉的风险非常小，但在全球范围内传输数据的水下光缆却并非如此。）”可知，虽然人类被鲨鱼吃掉的风险很小，但是水下光缆被鲨鱼吃掉的风险却并非如此。所以the same表示被鲨鱼吃掉的风险。A选项“鲨鱼拿游客当点心”；C选项“鲨鱼被冤枉的名声”；D选项“被鲨鱼攻击的几率很小”都与上下文不符，因此B选项“被鲨鱼吃掉的风险”正确。2.主旨大意题。第二段的最后一句话说到“Google product manager Dan Belcher revealed their
