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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题This study involves monitoring the sleep（ ）of 100 mentally healthy people aged 45 to 80.问题1选项A.ordersB.rulesC.patternsD.characters【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项orders“顺序；命令”；B选项rules“规则”；C选项patterns“模式”；D选项characters“特征”。句意：这项研究包括监测100名45岁至80岁精神健康的人的睡眠（ ）。根据语境，睡眠和charact
2、ers“特征”搭配比较合理。因此D选项正确。2. 单选题The rehabilitation center admits patients who have difficulties to get rid of（ ）drinking.问题1选项A.compulsoryB.compulsiveC.conditionalD.compelling【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项compulsory“强制的，规定的，义务的”；B选项compulsive“难以制止的；难控制的”；C选项conditional“附带条件的；依而定的”；D选项compelling“非常强烈的；不可抗拒的”。句意：这个
3、康复中心接纳那些难以戒酒的病人。结合语境与选项，酒瘾为难以制止的，可知compulsive与其意思对应。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题At short notice rescue troops were sent to help the vehicles（ ）the deep snow.问题1选项A.soaked withB.stuck inC.intended forD.connected to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项soaked with“用浸泡，使浸透”；B选项stuck in“陷入，插入”；C选项intended for“用来”；D选项connected to“连接”。句意
4、：刚接到通知，救援部队就立马被派去帮助这些深深（ ）在雪里的车辆。根据语境，车辆stuck in“陷入”雪中比较合理。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题The great（ ）between the teams did not make for an entertaining game.问题1选项A.disparityB.discomfitC.discretionD.dislocation【答案】A【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项disparity“明显差异”；B选项discomfit“使难堪”；C选项discretion“自行决定权；审慎”；D选项dislocation“（制度、进程、生活方式）紊乱”
5、。句意：两队之间的巨大（ ）并没有使比赛变得有趣。Dislocation形容制度等，不能和team搭配，disparity可以和team搭配，也符合生活中因为两个团队的巨大差异让比赛有看点的场景。因此A选项正确。5. 单选题Of all the classical composers, Tchaikovsky has been a veritable gold-mine as a（ ）source of themes for popular arrangements.问题1选项A.lucrativeB.ostensibleC.orthodoxD.tentative【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨
6、析。A选项lucrative“有利可图的，赚钱的”；B选项ostensible“表面的，假装的”；C选项orthodox“正统的；惯常的”；D选项tentative“不确定的，暂定的；犹豫的”。句意：在所有的古典作曲家中，柴可夫斯基是一个名副其实的金矿，他总是创造出大受市场欢迎的主题作品。由gold-mine可知lucrative与其意思对应。因此A选项正确。6. 单选题Once upon a time, people believed staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practice th
7、e reverse of home economicsspend more than you earned. Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone called lepton to work properly. It sends “Im full” messages from the fat c
8、ells up to the brain, where they go, among other places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Fat people produce plenty of lepton, but the brain doesnt seem to respond to it properly. Last year researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight
9、people and found their reward circuit（线路）were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.Theres a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that i
10、s a real struggle. Making changes is hard, particularly if your body is working against you. So why not reject the traditional approaches and try some new method, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it.Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on
11、Aging in Baltimore reported that when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr. James Johnson.How does it work? Besides forcing the body t
12、o burn fat, it may also cause hormonal changes. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirable white stuff; this was a dieters dream. Instead
13、 of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warmat least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldnt find much in humans but now, thanks to the New England journal of Medicine, its back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperature
14、s. They then make more brown fat and their weight drops.1.The last sentence in paragraph 1 indicates that peoples understanding of losing weight（ ）.2.According to the findings of the Oregon Research Institute,（ ）.3.The method used by the National Institute on Aging can be summarized as “（ ）”.4.The w
15、ord “grinding” in the paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to（ ）.5.It can be learned that brown fat（ ）.问题1选项A.is unnecessarily complicatedB.seems rather unreasonableC.used to be limitedD.can be partly justified问题2选项A.Overweight people got less pleasure from eating the same amountB.Overweight people enjoyed eating more than the others doC.People will become overweight if they eat more than they needD.People are more likely to be overweight if they produce less lepton问题3选项A.No diet at allB.Diet on
