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1、2022年考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The Beat Generation is a label applied to a non-conformist social movement begun in New York City in the 1950s. Its message was carried by a group of writers who used stream-of-consciousness forms to express the insights and longings of those who rejected
2、 the mainstream values of the times. Although the Beat writers produced few lasting works, their attitudes inspired rock music artists and social movements of the 1960s and beyond.The term beat was coined in 1964 by Herbert Huncke. He meant it to be a synonym for tied or down and out. In 1948, the w
3、ord was used by Jack Kerouac in his phrase Beat Generation, by which he changed the reference to mean upbeat and beatific. The phrase finally entered public consciousness in 1952 with John Clellon Holmess article in the New York Times Magazine called “This is the Beat Generation.”The original Beats
4、were a group of friends from New York City who met in the mid-1940s. They included Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Neal Cassady, and William S. Burroughs. That core group moved to San Francisco, where they were joined by the poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti and many others.The first famous work of Beat lite
5、rature was the long poem, Howl, by Allen Ginsberg. In 1955, Ginsberg read the poem aloud at a gallery in San Francisco, causing a stir with its portrayal of drug use and homosexuality. Its fame was fueled by the obscenity trial of Lawrence Ferlinghetti, who sold the poem in his bookstore. But Ferlin
6、ghetti was acquitted when the judge ruled that the work did have “redeeming social importance” and thus was not obscene.The most successful Beat novelist was Jack Kerouac. In his best novel, On the Road, published in 1957, Kerouac described an automobile trip around the United States by a character
7、based on himself, Sal Paradise, and Dean Moriarty, based on Kerouacs friend Neal Cassady. The novel made Cassady into a cultural icon known for his irresponsible lifestyle, womanizing, amorality, and lust for life.On the Road became known as much for how Kerouac wrote it as for its content. Kerouac
8、allegedly was high on pills while he wrote it, and he typed it on a continuous scroll of paper so that he would not have to interrupt his thoughts by changing paper. He is said to have believed that “the first thought is the best thought”, and he claimed that he never revised what he wrote. Though h
9、e said that he wrote the book in just three weeks, the truth is that he had been planning the novel for years and that he wrote several drafts.Also influential was a novel by William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, which also survived an obscenity trial. In that work, Burroughs, who was a drug addict him
10、self, tells of his drug-induced fantasies and his travels among addicts and criminals.In the 1960s, those who followed Beat philosophy became known as hippies or yippies. Their culture was centered in San Francisco, which became a center of rock music, drug culture, and protest against the war in Vi
11、etnam.The Beat Generations lasting contribution to literature is that it encouraged writing on more personal topics, including those showing the unpleasant sides of human nature and of society. It validated expression through informal, conversational language and made profanity a permissible tool fo
12、r revealing human feelings.26. The word coined in the passage is closest in meaning to _.27. Why does the author mention the New York Times Magazine in the passage?28. According to the passage, which of the following is true of On the Road?29. The word interrupt in the passage is closest in meaning
13、to _.30. According to the passage, Beat literature can best be described as _.问题1选项A.inventedB.spreadC.mintedD.explained问题2选项A.To show the origin of the term Beat.B.To identify when the term Beat Generation became widely known.C.To name the New York Times as a Beat newspaper.D.To give information ab
14、out John Clellon Holmes.问题3选项A.It portrays the reckless lifestyle of American youngsters in the late 1950s.B.It was completed in a short time while Jack Kerouac was on drugs.C.It made Neal Cassady an important symbol of a libertine lifestyle.D.It is based on two characters taking a road trip around
15、North America.问题4选项A.suspendB.introduceC.expressD.exclaim问题5选项A.being banned by the courtsB.having little lasting influenceC.addressing personal feelings, often in rebellion against societyD.expressing the conservative views of the 1950s【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】26.语义推测题。Coined意思是创造（新词等），根据第二
16、段The term beat was coined in 1964 by Herbert Huncke. In 1948, the word was used by Jack KerouacThe phrase finally entered public consciousness in 1952 with John Clellon Holmess article in the New York Times Magazine called “This is the Beat Generation.”（beat这个词是由Herbert Huncke在1964年创造。1948年，杰克凯鲁亚克使用了这个词
