《条件句中的虚拟语气(精)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《条件句中的虚拟语气(精)（2页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1.条件句的分类 条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表示 的假设是有可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句皆用直陈语气。如 If I have enough money, I will buy a computer. If you havent finished with that book, you can keep it one more day. 非真实条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中 的条件从句与结果主句皆使用虚拟语气，一下是用于非真实条件句中的虚拟语气形 式：时间条件从句谓语形式结果主句谓语形式与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用 were would /
2、 should / might / could +动词原形 与将来事实相反动词过去式(be用 were should +动词原形 were to +动词原形 would / should / might / could +动词原形 与过去事实相反 had +动词过去分词 would / should / might / could have +动词过去 分词 2.条件句中的虚拟语气的举例 (1将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华 大
3、学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。 If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。 (2 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。 如： If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对 你很熟悉。 (3过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If I had seen the film, I would have told y
4、ou about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。 3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题 (1 有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主 句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 如： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻 苦的话，
5、我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 从句的动作与 现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如： If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相
6、反。如： If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果 天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。 If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。 (2 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词 含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这是条件从句要用倒装语序，即将were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。如：Should he a
7、gree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用 他来这里工作了。 (3 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在上下 文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如 without., but for.等
8、 But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的帮助， 我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。 We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我们不知道他的电话号 码，否则我们就会给他打电话。 (4 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中 的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。 省略从句 He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。 You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了。 省 略主句 If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。 If only I had got it. 要是 我得到它了该多好啊。、 (5在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句作为宾语从句，它的动 词形式不受主句谓语动词的影响
